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Shareholder value diminution through long-term debts: Evidence from the Nigerian oil industry Ikwuo, Ama Kalu; Nwite, Isaiah Michael; Nworie, Gilbert Ogechukwu; Nworie, Fidelia Nkechi
Annals of Management and Organization Research Vol. 6 No. 3 (2025): February
Publisher : goodwood publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35912/amor.v6i3.2628

Purpose: Failure to maintain an optimal balance between the benefits of long-term debts and the risks associated with financial distress often results in the erosion of shareholder value. In view of the above problem, this study examined whether long-term debts affect shareholder value diminution among listed oil and gas firms in Nigeria. Research Methodology: The ex-post facto research design was deployed on a sample of five firms purposively selected from a population of nine listed oil and gas firms in Nigeria. Secondary data were sourced from the firms’ annual reports between 2014-2023. The hypotheses were tested using panel-estimated generalised least squares. Results: An increase in long-term debt to asset ratio significantly contributes to shareholder value diminution (? = -42.56871; p-value of 0.0003); an increase in long-term debt to equity ratio significantly contributes to shareholder value diminution (? = -5.441092; p-value of 0.0005). Limitations: The study sampled only five out of nine listed Nigerian oil and gas firms and relies solely on net assets per share to measure shareholder value, which may not fully capture the industry's broader financial dynamics. Contribution: In conclusion, the over-reliance on long-term debt financing contributes to heightened financial vulnerability as well as sabotages the aim of maximising shareholders wealth. We recommend that the management of companies in the Nigerian oil and gas industry implement stricter controls on their long-term debt-to-asset ratios by setting a threshold beyond which debt levels should not increase in order to avoid significant shareholder value erosion.

Reflecting Staff Reward in Employee Output: A Validation of Henri Fayol's 7th Principle of Management Using Nigerian Manufacturing Sector Ikwuo, Ama Kalu; Nwite, Isaiah Michael; Ogechukwu Nworie, Gilbert
Golden Ratio of Human Resource Management Vol. 5 No. 2 (2025): March - July
Publisher : Manunggal Halim Jaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52970/grhrm.v5i2.957

An inadequate employee reward system is one of the key reasons many employees approach their tasks with diminished enthusiasm, reduced focus, and inefficiency, which eventually hinders their productivity and undermines the overall success of the organization. To address the above problem, this study examined the effect of staff reward on the output of employees in Nigerian manufacturing firms thereby testing Henri Fayol's 7th Principle of Management. Specifically, the extent to which employee remuneration affects the value added of listed manufacturing firms in Nigeria was assessed, based on an ex-post facto research design. Purposive sampling was used in selecting a sample size of fifty-five out of the sixty-four listed manufacturing firms in Nigeria. Secondary data were collected from the annual reports of the firms between 2015 – 2023 accounting periods. Hypothesis was tested using panel estimated generalised least square with cross-section weights that addressed both heteroskedasticity and cross-sectional dependence. It was found that: staff reward significantly enhances employee output among listed manufacturing firms in Nigeria (β = 3.954302; p-value = 0.0000), aligning with the theoretical framework provided by Henri Fayol's 7th principle. In conclusion, an optimized reward system enhances organizational productivity by boosting employee engagement, as investing in staff rewards is a strategic move that improves performance and supports growth. Premised on this conclusion, we recommend that manufacturing firms should focus on designing compensation packages that are competitive within the industry, incorporate performance-based bonuses, and provide non-monetary incentives such as career development opportunities and recognition programs.

Firm size as a determinant of cash level among listed healthcare firms in Nigeria Ikwuo, Ama Kalu; Nwite, Isaiah Michael; Uduma, Ezinne
Quantitative Economics and Management Studies Vol. 6 No. 5 (2025)
Publisher : PT Mattawang Mediatama Solution

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35877/454RI.qems4041

This study examined the effect of firm size on cash levels among listed healthcare firms in Nigeria. This study adopts an ex-post facto research design. The population and sample size were made up of 7 listed healthcare firms and 5 listed healthcare firms, respectively. Secondary data for the study were sourced from firms’ annual reports from 2014 to 2023. Descriptive analysis was carried out, while ordinary least square regression was used to test the hypotheses. The findings revealed that firm size has a significant positive effect on cash levels of listed healthcare firms in Nigeria (b = 0.052022; p-value = 0.0260). In conclusion, as firms grow in size, their ability to maintain higher cash balances increases. The study recommends that small healthcare firms should prioritize strategic growth initiatives such as mergers, acquisitions, or market expansion to increase their size and enhance their ability to accumulate and maintain higher cash reserves. This study contributes to knowledge by providing empirical evidence on the relationship between firm size and cash levels in the Nigerian healthcare sector, an area with limited prior research.

Shareholder value diminution through long-term debts: Evidence from the Nigerian oil industry Ikwuo, Ama Kalu; Nwite, Isaiah Michael; Nworie, Gilbert Ogechukwu; Nworie, Fidelia Nkechi
Annals of Management and Organization Research Vol. 6 No. 3 (2025): February
Publisher : goodwood publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35912/amor.v6i3.2628

Purpose: Failure to maintain an optimal balance between the benefits of long-term debts and the risks associated with financial distress often results in the erosion of shareholder value. In view of the above problem, this study examined whether long-term debts affect shareholder value diminution among listed oil and gas firms in Nigeria. Research Methodology: The ex-post facto research design was deployed on a sample of five firms purposively selected from a population of nine listed oil and gas firms in Nigeria. Secondary data were sourced from the firms’ annual reports between 2014-2023. The hypotheses were tested using panel-estimated generalised least squares. Results: An increase in long-term debt to asset ratio significantly contributes to shareholder value diminution (? = -42.56871; p-value of 0.0003); an increase in long-term debt to equity ratio significantly contributes to shareholder value diminution (? = -5.441092; p-value of 0.0005). Limitations: The study sampled only five out of nine listed Nigerian oil and gas firms and relies solely on net assets per share to measure shareholder value, which may not fully capture the industry's broader financial dynamics. Contribution: In conclusion, the over-reliance on long-term debt financing contributes to heightened financial vulnerability as well as sabotages the aim of maximising shareholders wealth. We recommend that the management of companies in the Nigerian oil and gas industry implement stricter controls on their long-term debt-to-asset ratios by setting a threshold beyond which debt levels should not increase in order to avoid significant shareholder value erosion.

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