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Human Resource Development Climate. Culture and Mechanisms: The Case of United Bank Share Company Teshome, Samson Worku; Ayalew, Lulit; Yifiru, Techane; W/Giorgis, Yebegasget; Beteselassie, Yishake; Bekele, Zelalem; Mekonnen, Worku
International Journal of Education, Management, and Technology Vol 3 No 2 (2025): International Journal of Education, Management, and Technology
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ijemt.v3i2.5713

Abstract

This study aimed to assess the state of Human Resource Development (HRD) Climate, HRD Culture, and HRD Mechanisms at United Bank S.C., using a quantitative research design. A descriptive survey method was employed to explore three primary research questions: (1) Is the overall HRD climate at United Bank S.C. conducive? (2) To what extent does a supportive HRD culture exist within the organization? and (3) To what extent are HRD mechanisms implemented effectively at United Bank S.C.? A random sample of 60 employees was selected from the total population of 194 managerial and non-managerial staff. Data were collected using a standardized questionnaire comprising 38 items categorized under General HRD Climate, HRD Culture, and HRD Mechanisms. The responses were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). The findings revealed that the overall HRD climate in the organization is below average. Among the three components examined, HRD Culture was found to be more prominent than HRD Climate and HRD Mechanisms. Additionally, the study suggests that the organization places more emphasis on other resources than on the development of its human capital. The results highlight the need for United Bank S.C. to undertake strategic interventions aimed at strengthening its HRD climate by fostering a more robust culture of development and implementing comprehensive HRD mechanisms. Such measures are essential for enhancing organizational effectiveness and ensuring sustainable human capital growth.
The Contributions of Online Exit Exams in Undergraduate Programs to the Quality of Higher Education: A Systematic Review Teshome, Samson Worku
International Journal of Education, Management, and Technology Vol 3 No 2 (2025): International Journal of Education, Management, and Technology
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ijemt.v3i2.5939

Abstract

This systematic review examines the role of exit examinations, particularly online exit exams in enhancing the quality of higher education, with a focus on their impact on student competency, institutional accountability, and instructional practices. Utilizing the PRISMA and PICO frameworks, the review synthesizes findings from peer-reviewed studies published over the past two decades to address the central question: How do online exit exams contribute to educational quality in higher education? The evidence indicates that when thoughtfully designed and effectively implemented, online exit exams can strengthen academic standards by aligning curriculum with intended learning outcomes, promoting institutional self-assessment, and fostering pedagogical improvement. These assessments serve as measurable indicators of student achievement and program effectiveness. However, their success is highly contingent on context, with significant challenges identified, including test-related anxiety, inequitable access to preparatory resources, and disparities among marginalized student groups. Additionally, the influence of institutional culture, technological infrastructure, and administrative support plays a critical role in determining exam efficacy. The findings suggest that a standardized, one-size-fits-all approach is insufficient; instead, a nuanced and context-sensitive implementation is essential to ensure fairness, inclusivity, and positive educational outcomes. This review calls for continued research and policy development to refine the use of online exit exams as tools for quality assurance while safeguarding equitable access and support for all learners.
Key Performance Indicators in Higher Education: A Systematic Review of the Conceptualization, Dimensions, Frameworks, and Challenges of KPIs Teshome, Samson Worku
International Journal of Education, Management, and Technology Vol 3 No 2 (2025): International Journal of Education, Management, and Technology
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ijemt.v3i2.6493

Abstract

Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) have emerged as critical tools for measuring and improving the performance of higher education institutions (HEIs). This systematic literature review synthesizes existing research on the conceptualization, implementation, frameworks, and challenges associated with KPIs in the higher education sector. Following the PRISMA framework, a comprehensive search was conducted across major academic databases, including Google Scholar, ERIC, PubMed, ProQuest, and Scopus, resulting in the selection of 20 relevant studies published between 1992 and 2024. The review identifies key dimensions of KPIs, such as academic performance, research productivity, and institutional efficiency highlighting their broad applicability. However, it also uncovers persistent challenges in implementation, including issues related to data reliability, stakeholder resistance, and the difficulty of aligning KPIs with diverse institutional goals. The study concludes that while KPIs are widely recognized as valuable performance management tools, there is a pressing need for more standardized frameworks and the integration of advanced technologies to improve the accuracy and utility of KPI systems. This review contributes to the discourse on higher education management by offering a comprehensive overview of current KPI practices and proposing directions for future research and institutional policy development.