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All Journal Indonesian Journal of Innovation and Applied Sciences (IJIAS)
Mussa, Mahadi
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Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Mathematics Social Sciences

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Density and Mechanical Properties of Casuarina equisetifolia Wood Grown in Oromia Regional State, Bishoftu, Ethiopia Mussa, Mahadi; Kelemwork, Seyoum; Wale, Mesganaw
Indonesian Journal of Innovation and Applied Sciences (IJIAS) Vol. 5 No. 2 (2025): June-September
Publisher : CV. Literasi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47540/ijias.v5i2.1760

Abstract

Ethiopia's rapid expansion of urbanization, industrialization, modernization, and population growth has led to an insistently increase in the demand for wood for construction, furniture, and other end products. This study aimed to investigate the effect of tree height and the diameter tree section (sapwood and heartwood) on the density and mechanical properties of Casuarina equisetifolia timber. For this study, ten sample of C. equisetifolia trees were selected and harvested from Bishoftu, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia. The collected sample logs were sawn into 3-cm-thick lumber, and sample specimens were prepared for density and mechanical properties testing. Sample specimens of heart and sapwood sections were prepared from the bottom, middle, and top portions of the tree for testing density, static bending (MOE and MOR), compression strength parallel to the grain, impact bending strength, and hardness strengths in tangential and radial directions according to ISO standards. The results revealed that tree height had significantly affected density and hardness strengths in tangential and radial directions. On the other hand, the diameter section (heart and sapwood) significantly affected the density, impact bending, and hardness strength in the radial direction. On the contrary, tree height and tree diameter section didn’t show a significant effect on MOE, MOR, and compression strength parallel to the grain. Due to the high density of Casuarina equisetifolia wood, it is very hard to convert into lumber, and the lumber is also difficult to machine. Based on the basic properties studied, Casuarina equisetifolia wood could be used for wood flooring, chipwood, particleboard, furniture, and other products such as tool handles.
Investigation of Physical and Mechanical Properties and Their Relationship in Senegalia caffra Wood Grown in Northern Ethiopia Waktole, Samson; Mussa, Mahadi; Abara, Lamesa; Wale, Misganaw; Mogninet, Kassahun
Indonesian Journal of Innovation and Applied Sciences (IJIAS) Vol. 5 No. 1 (2025): February-May
Publisher : CV. Literasi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47540/ijias.v5i1.1767

Abstract

This research focused on determining the physical and mechanical properties of Senegalia caffra collected from a Gilgile Beles site in Ethiopia and analyzing how these properties relate to the wood's performance. Fifteen (15) sample trees were selected and felled for the study. Sampling, specimen preparation, and conducting the different tests were achieved following ISO and British standards. In this study, the mean basic density of 594.40 Kg/m3, modulus of elasticity (MoE) of 9,556.79 N/mm2, modulus of rupture (MoR) of 105.69 N/mm2, compression strength parallel to the grain of 53.15 N/mm, impact bending strength of 14,825.00 Nm/m2, radial and tangential hardnesses of 4,958.67 N and 5,324.78 N, respectively, were obtained for the species. Senegalia caffra was superior to the high timber-value tree species of Ethiopia in most of the studied features. The bottom of the tree was highest in density, MoE, MoR, radial, and tangential hardnesses; whereas, the middle height was higher in compression and impact bending strengths. Heartwood was higher in density, MoE, compression strength, and radial and tangential hardnesses than sapwood. Density was moderately correlated with radial hardness (with an R of 0.605 and sig. of 0.000). Generally, higher properties were recorded at the bottom of the tree as well as in the heartwood.
Co-Authors Abara, Lamesa Kelemwork, Seyoum Mogninet, Kassahun Waktole, Samson Wale, Mesganaw Wale, Misganaw