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All Journal International Journal of Public Health Science (IJPHS)
Iqbal, Sehar
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Health Professions

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Syndemics of coronaviurs disease and aging: the interplay among nutrition, the immune system and health outcomes Iqbal, Sehar; Ali, Inayat
International Journal of Public Health Science (IJPHS) Vol 14, No 2: June 2025
Publisher : Intelektual Pustaka Media Utama

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijphs.v14i2.24850

Abstract

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic revealed “many pandemics”. Right from the beginning of the COVID pandemic and various intimidating waves of new variants seriously affected vulnerable populations, including the elderly. This scoping review aimed to summarize the available data on nutrition and immune response during aging and associations between the immune system and viral infections in the older population. The review particularly emphasizes micronutrients including vitamins C, D, zinc, and selenium and their relations to COVID-19 infection. We have summarized the available literature related to the nutritional management of COVID-19 infection to reduce adverse disease outcomes. The review found that the coexistence of micronutrient deficiencies, immune dysfunction, and high infection exposure increases the risk of mortality in older people with COVID-19. Most studies confirmed a positive association between vitamin D status or supplementation and its effect on COVID-19, whereas a few other studies reported a low zinc and selenium status in COVID-19 infected people. Immediate and adequate nutritional management could help tackle the adverse health consequences in elderly. Hence, the pandemic like this requires a comprehensive approach to understand all related aspects and needs further in-depth investigations related to micronutrient supplements to enhance immunity in COVID-19 infected older population.
Effectiveness of school-based nutrition education on obesity and nutritional status of adolescent girls: a scoping review Iqbal, Sehar; Zafar, Saira; Shah, Syed Hassan Bin Usman; Ahmad, Abdul Momin Rizwan
International Journal of Public Health Science (IJPHS) Vol 14, No 3: September 2025
Publisher : Intelektual Pustaka Media Utama

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijphs.v14i3.26131

Abstract

School based nutrition education is an effective way to improve nutritional status of adolescent girls through changing their dietary behaviors. This scoping review therefore aimed to summarize the available literature evaluating the effectiveness of school-based nutrition education interventions on anthropometric measures and nutritional status of adolescent girls. A systematic approach following the PRISMA guidelines was adopted to investigate the effects of nutrition education in schools. A search term and an eligibility criterion were applied and 2 databases, i.e., Scopus and PubMed were selected to retrieve the existing literature. After applying inclusion/exclusion criteria, a total of 11 studies and data from 3957 participants were included in this review. School-education intervention was taken as an independent variable to evaluate the effectiveness of the programs. Most of the studies found the beneficial effects of school-based nutrition programs to reduce obesity among adolescent girls. However, a few studies (n = 4) did not show any significant impact of nutrition education programs to improve nutritional status of this age-group girls. Our review reported the beneficial effect of school health-education programs to reduce obesity in adolescent girls. A holistic approach with more professional training for teachers based on health promotion strategies, inclusion of nutrition education into the curriculum, operative follow-up and evaluations are needed to implement more effective school-based nutrition education programs.
Co-Authors Ahmad, Abdul Momin Rizwan Ali, Inayat Shah, Syed Hassan Bin Usman Zafar, Saira