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Zeleke, Bantalem
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry

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Participatory Variety Selection and Promotion of Improved Soybean (Glycine max L.) Variety in Northwestern Ethiopia Zeleke, Bantalem; Esmeal, Jemal; Abebe, Dereje; Mengie, Yitayal
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 12 No. 01 (2025): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.12.01.206-214

Abstract

A participatory variety selection (PVS) approach was used to evaluate the varieties when selecting new soybean varieties. Farmers were requested to state the most important traits when deciding which soybean varieties to adopt. The study aimed to identify a high-yielding variety that fulfills farmers’ preferences, creates wider demand, and strengthens linkage among the possible actors in improved soybean varieties. The study was conducted at Jawe, Guangua, and North Achefer locations in the Awi and West Gojam zones during the 2018 and 2019 cropping seasons. Eight improved soybean varieties were considered in the experiment. Farmers identified seven biological attributes as their selection criteria and considered social factors when deciding which variety to grow. High grain yields of 1830 kg.ha-1 and 1680 kg.ha-1 were recorded for varieties “Pawe-02” and “Wegayen,” respectively, whereas the lowest grain yield of 1430 kg.ha-1 was recorded for the variety “Ethio-Yugoslavia.” “Pawe-02” variety was ranked 1st by farmers’ selection in two districts among the eight varieties. The average performance of the “Pawe-02” variety in the pre-scale-up activity was 2580 kg.ha-1 with a yield advantage of 48.87%. Likert-scale analysis indicated that farmers positively perceived the important traits “Pawe-02” against the existing soya bean variety. Therefore, the “Pawe-02” variety should be recommended to farmers on a large scale to benefit them in this study area and similar agroecology.
Morphological and Genetic Diversity Study of Upland Rice Varieties under Rain-fed Environment Zeleke, Bantalem; Worede, Fisseha
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 9 No. 03 (2022): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.9.03.157-164

Abstract

A field experiment was conducted at Fogera Northwest Amhara region to study the morphological traits to variability in 20 upland rice varieties, consisting of nine NERICA and eleven parents. The data were collected from ten randomly selected plants of each plot (plant height, panicle length, culm length, flag-leaf length, number of spikelet per panicle, number of grains per panicle, number of filled grains per panicle, numbers of fertile tillers per plant, yield per plant) and from plot bases (days to heading, days to maturity, grain-filling period, thousand-seed weight, biomass yield, grain yield, and harvest index). The results of the principal component analysis showed that four components account for 76.7% of the total variation, giving a clear idea of the structure underlying the variables analysed. Cluster analysis using un-weighted Pair Group Method using Arithmetic Average linkage (UWPGMA) classified the twenty varieties into five distinct groups. The maximum inter-cluster distances were; recorded 8.05 between cluster I & V, 6.67 between cluster I and IV; and 5.5 between Cluster I and III, indicating that the possibility of high heterosis if individuals from these clusters are cross bred. The results of the principal component analysis were closely in line with those of the cluster analysis. This study has provided useful information, on evaluation of genetic diversity of rice varieties and will indicate the way, how plant breeders screen out large populations and to develop new breeding protocols for rice improvement.
Genotype × Environment Interaction and Stability of Field Pea (Pisum sativum L.) Genotypes for Seed Yield in Northwestern Ethiopia Zeleke, Bantalem; Esimeal, Jemale; Amogne, Kindu; Mengie, Yitayal; Sendekie, Fentansh; Hailu, Abebe; Taye, Yasin
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 11 No. 02 (2024): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.11.02.155-164

Abstract

Field pea (Pisum sativum L.) is a self-pollinated diploid (2n=14) annual cool-season pulse crop. It is a major food legume with a valuable and cheap source of plant protein having essential amino acids that have high nutritional value for resource poorhouseholds. Biotic stress such as weed and insect pests and abiotic stresses like water logging, soil acidity, and low soil fertility are the major constraints to field pea production and productivity. Fourteen field pea genotypes, obtained from Holeta Agricultural Research Center, were evaluated in eight environments in Northwestern Ethiopia in the main production season (2018-2019) to identify stable and high-yielding field pea genotypes. The trial was laid out using a randomized complete block design and replicated three times. Combined analysis of variance for seed yield revealed that genotype, environments, and genotype-by-environment interaction effects were significant (P < 0.05). The lowest hundred seed weight value (12.83 g) was manifested by the local check, while the highest value (20.73 g) was revealed by EH 07007-3 genotype from the overall mean of location. The highest mean grain yield of 2400 kg.ha-1 was obtained from the EH08003-2 genotype, while the lowest yield 1660 kg.ha-1 was obtained from EH 08041-3. The maximum grain yield of 4140 kg.ha-1 was recorded from Debark by EH 09015-3 genotype, while the minimum grain yield of 560 kg.ha-1 was revealed by EH 08041-3. The environments, GxE, and genotypes accounted for 74.8%, 16.3%, and 7.0% of the total sum squares, respectively, indicating that field pea seed yield was significantly affected by the changes in the environment, followed by GxE interaction and genotypic effect. The candidate genotype, EH08003-2, was the most stable genotype followed by EH 09068-2 and EH 08042-2 having an IPCA score closer to zero with a yield advantage of 26.3% and 36.4% over the standard and local checks, respectively. Considering the eight environments’ data and field performance evaluation during the variety verification trial, the National Variety Releasing Committee has approved the official release of EH08003-2 for kik seed utilization class with a vernacular name of Hasset for high potential areas of Northwestern Ethiopia and similar agro-ecologies.
Co-Authors Abebe, Dereje Amogne, Kindu Esimeal, Jemale Esmeal, Jemal Hailu, Abebe Mengie, Yitayal Sendekie, Fentansh Taye, Yasin Worede, Fisseha