Nemenzo-Calica, Phoebe
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Knowledge, Attitudes, and Agricultural Practices of Coconut Farmers on the Impacts of Climate Change on Coconut Productivity and Sustainability in Barangay Capasnan, Manay, Davao Oriental, Philippines Bentayao, Chinna M.; Verzosa, Ricksterlie C.; Vilela, Eleanor M.; Nemenzo-Calica, Phoebe
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 12 No. 01 (2025): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.12.01.158-171

Abstract

Coconut, a vital tropical crop, and the Philippines’ leading agricultural export, particularly in Davao Oriental, the “Coconut Capital” of the country, is profoundly impacted by climate change, which disrupts its productivity and agricultural practices, thereby threatening its sustainability. This study evaluated the knowledge, attitudes, practices, perceived impacts, and preparedness of coconut farmers in Barangay Capasnan, a major contributor to Davao Oriental’s coconut production. A descriptive research design was employed, with 145 farmers (out of 227 registered) participating through purposive sampling. Data were collected through validated surveys, analyzed with descriptive statistics, and conducted under ethical guidelines. Results showed that most farmers (30%) were over 61 years old, with 59% male and 41% female participants. A majority (63%) had only elementary-level education, and most households (56%) comprised 1-4 members. Nearly all farmers (94%) owned their farms, but 59% had a monthly income below PHP 10,000 (~USD 170.24). Farmers demonstrated a high awareness of climate change, recognizing its effects on temperature, rainfall, seasonality, and its role in exacerbating extreme weather, pests, and diseases. They perceived climate change as a significant threat to agriculture, advocating for education and action, though engagement in community coping strategies remained moderate. Farmers implemented practices such as knowledge-sharing, exploring alternative income sources, investing in protective infrastructure, and planning for renewable energy use. However, moderate adoption was observed in water-saving irrigation, drought-resistant crops, soil conservation, and pest management practices. Climate change was perceived to have severe impacts on coconut yields, quality, soil fertility, seasonal patterns, and labor demands, while moderate impacts included extreme weather, water scarcity, and heat stress. Recommendations include providing emotional and mental support, financial assistance, access to resilient crop varieties, climate-smart agricultural training, affordable adaptive technology, and increased distribution of coconut seedlings by the Philippine Coconut Authority to address declining quality and productivity caused by weather changes.
Coffee (Coffea spp.) Production Systems, Postharvest Innovations, and Quantitative and Agroecological Dynamics in the Davao Region, Philippines Bautista, Cheryll L.; Valdez, Gemma M.; Erespe, Marites S.; Bastida, Garry L.; Magallones, Maria Odessa G.; Campo, Ruel G.; Pantoja, Felicitas B.; Nemenzo-Calica, Phoebe
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 13 No. 01 (2026): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.13.01.174-186

Abstract

Coffee (Coffea spp.) is a globally significant tropical plantation crop, and the Davao Region in the Philippines is one of the country’s most dynamic production zones, thanks to its favorable volcanic soils, diverse microclimates, and evolving value chain ecosystems. With an estimated 15,821.68 ha under cultivation, the region supports all major Coffea species. Coffea arabica thrives above 1,000 m asl in highland zones such as Balutakay, Maragusan, and upland Davao City; Robusta dominates lower elevations, while Liberica and Excelsa occupy smaller areas as complementary tropical crop components. Agroecological sustainability is promoted through shade-based agroforestry systems that enhance biodiversity, soil fertility, and climate resilience. Postharvest innovations such as natural, honey, and micro-lot fermentation, alongside the expansion of community-based roasting facilities, have enabled specialty-grade production and improved access to premium domestic and international markets. Emerging trends presented at the Davao Regional Coffee Expo (DRCE) 2025 include the increased adoption of climate-resilient genetic varieties artificial intelligence-based plantation monitoring, gender-inclusive entrepreneurship, and youth participation in value-added roles such as roasting, cupping, and barista craftsmanship. However, persistent constraints, including aging plantations, low productivity, limited seedling supply, postharvest infrastructure gaps, market dependency on intermediaries, and inconsistent institutional support, continue to limit the sector’s tropical crop competitiveness. This status report consolidates insights on production systems, agroecological management, postharvest innovations, and socio-economic challenges to provide a strategic outlook for strengthening coffee as a sustainable tropical plantation crop within the Davao Region and similar highland environments in Southeast Asia.