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All Journal Vokasi UNESA Bulletin of Engineering, Technology and Applied Science
Buba, Sadiq
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Computer Science & IT Engineering Mechanical Engineering Transportation

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A Review on Techniques Used for Solving the Economic Load Dispatch Problems: Categorization, Advantages, and Limitations Sabo, Aliyu; Buba, Sadiq; Muhammed, Kabir; Kalau, Samuel ephraim; Olaniyi, Daramola paul; Veerapandiyan Veerasamy; Abdulmajid Muhammed Na'inna
Vokasi Unesa Bulletin of Engineering, Technology and Applied Science Vol. 2 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Surabaya or The State University of Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26740/vubeta.v2i1.35591

Abstract

The increasing global demand for electric power presents significant challenges for power utilities, as they must balance the need for reliable and sustainable power generation with the goal to minimize generation costs. This challenge has led to studying Economic Load Dispatch (ELD), which aims to optimize power generation at minimal fuel costs.  This paper presents a comprehensive review of several primary techniques used in solving ELD problems, including traditional methods such as the Lambda Iteration, Gradient, and Newton-Raphson techniques, as well as modern optimization methods like Genetic Algorithm (GA), Simulated Annealing (SA), Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), Artificial Bee Colony (ABC), Sine Cosine Algorithm (SCA), and Gravitational Search Algorithm (GSA). The paper also provides a comparative analysis using tables and chart in section three outlining the advantages, disadvantages, and limitations of each technique discussed in section two. Additionally, this review examines the applications of these techniques on IEEE test systems in various studies, highlighting their effectiveness on practical utility making it easier for researchers to make a choice in selecting a technique for their ELD problem.
The Use of Genetic Algorithm Optimization Approach In Comparison With Lambda Iteration Technique to Solve Economic Load Dispatch Problem. Sabo, Aliyu; Buba, Sadiq; Ogunleye, Olutosin; Mohammed , Kabir; Ephraim Kalau, Samuel; P. Olaniyi, Daramdla
Vokasi Unesa Bulletin of Engineering, Technology and Applied Science Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Surabaya or The State University of Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26740/vubeta.v2i2.38275

Abstract

The increasing demand for efficient and reliable power generation systems has amplified the importance of solving Economic Load Dispatch (ELD) problems. This study compares the performance of two optimization techniques—Genetic Algorithm (GA), a robust metaheuristic approach, and Lambda Iteration, a traditional iterative method—on the IEEE 39-bus 10-generator test system. The analysis focuses on fuel cost minimization and computational efficiency. GA achieves a significant reduction in total fuel cost to $1390.29, outperforming Lambda Iteration's $2324.22. However, Lambda Iteration demonstrates faster convergence at 0.2 seconds compared to GA's 1.2 seconds. The results underscore the trade-offs between cost efficiency and computational speed, providing valuable insights into the suitability of advanced optimization methods like GA for complex ELD problems and the practicality of Lambda Iteration for simpler systems.
Roles of FACTS Devices in Modern Transmission: A Review of Challenges, Solutions, and Research Direction Sabo Aliyu; Buba, Sadiq
Vokasi Unesa Bulletin of Engineering, Technology and Applied Science Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026): (In Progress)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Surabaya or The State University of Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26740/vubeta.v3i1.40130

Abstract

The increasing demand for efficient, stable, and flexible power delivery in modern transmission networks has led to the widespread integration of Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS) devices. This review presents an extensive assessment of five major FACTS devices—SVC, STATCOM, TCSC, SSSC, and UPFC—by analyzing their operating principles, technical architectures, system integration strategies, and real-world applications. Through the synthesis of findings from scholarly sources published between 2019 and 2025, the paper identifies critical challenges such as high implementation costs, dynamic response limitations, and system coordination complexity. In addressing these challenges, the paper proposes hybrid deployment strategies and cross-device compensation approaches, demonstrating how the strengths of one device can mitigate the weaknesses of another. A unique contribution of this study is the structured presentation of thematic comparative tables that highlight similarities in components, applications, and limitations of FACTS technologies, as well as their suitability for various power system problems. The paper is structured as follows: Section 1 introduces the motivation and scope of FACTS in modern grids. Section 2 provides a methodological framework and detailed classification. Section 3 presents a comparative review enriched with original figures and schematic diagrams. Section 4 offers thematic discussion on applications, cross-device solutions, and innovation trends. Finally, Section 5 concludes the study by summarizing findings and emphasizing the value of strategic deployment in solving transmission challenges. By synthesizing operational insight with implementation strategies, this work fills a vital gap in comparative FACTS literature and offers a roadmap for future academic and industry research.
Co-Authors Abdulmajid Muhammed Na'inna Ephraim Kalau, Samuel Kalau, Samuel ephraim Mohammed , Kabir Muhammed, Kabir Ogunleye, Olutosin Olaniyi, Daramola paul P. Olaniyi, Daramdla Sabo Aliyu Sabo, Aliyu Veerapandiyan Veerasamy