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Kanca, Osman Cenk
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Economics, Econometrics & Finance

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Asymmetric Effect of Real Exchange Rates on Import Expenditures Kanca, Osman Cenk
ETIKONOMI Vol 24, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Faculty of Economic and Business

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/etk.v24i1.38967

Abstract

Research Originality: This study contributes to the literature by investigating the asymmetric effect of the real exchange rate on real import expenditures in Turkey.Research Objectives: This study aims to investigate the short—and long-run symmetric/asymmetric effects of the exchange rate on import expenditures in the Turkish economy.Research Methods: The study utilized both a linear Distributed Lag Autoregressive (ARDL) bounds testing approach and a nonlinear ARDL (NARDL) model, using a dataset from 1980 to 2022.Empirical Result: The findings indicate that the real exchange rate has asymmetric effects on real import expenditures in the short run. The error correction model results reveal that short-run shocks among variables will lose their impact in the long run, and the co-movement of variables will correct itself in approximately 3 and 1.5 years.Implications: These results shed light on policymakers shaping Turkey’s import regime. In addition, adopting policies that provide macroeconomic balance based on real exchange rates is considered a crucial factor in reducing external dependency and eliminating Turkey’s foreign trade deficits. JEL Classification: C40, E00, F31How to Cite:Kanca, O. C. (2025). Asymmetric Effect of Real Exchange Rates on Import Expenditures. Etikonomi, 24(1), 135 – 154. https://doi.org/10.15408/etk.v24i1.38967
Examining the Impact of Taxes on Import Expenditures in Turkiye Kanca, Osman Cenk; Yamak, Rahmi
ETIKONOMI Vol. 25 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Faculty of Economic and Business, Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/etk.v25i1.45858

Abstract

Research Originality: In the literature, import taxes are generally ignored as determinants of import expenditures. This study presents a rare and original contribution by evaluating the effects of import taxes on import expenditures and their functionality as a foreign trade policy tool in the case of Turkiye. Research Objectives: This study determines the possible effects of import taxes on aggregate import expenditures by using the ARDL approach and reveals the policy effectiveness of import taxes in light of the findings for the Turkiye economy. Research Methods: The aggregate import expenditure function for the study was estimated using the linear ARDL approach, which yields short- and long-run findings. The period subject to analysis is 1980-2022. Empirical Result: According to ARDL findings, import taxes have no effect on aggregate import expenditures in the short run, but taxes adversely affect import expenditures in the long run. Implications: The findings suggest that import taxes may not have a short-run effect in reducing import expenditures. However, in the long run, import taxes may be a viable tool to reduce import dependency and support national industries. JEL Classification: C13, F10, H20, C50, P33
Co-Authors Yamak, Rahmi