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Criticism: Synthesis of Empiricism-Rationalism and Its Implications for Islamic Family Law Studies Hurnawijaya - Hurnawijaya
At-Ta'aruf : Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Islam Vol 2 No 2 (2023): At-Ta'aruf : Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Islam
Publisher : Hukum Keluarga Islam

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59579/ath.v2i2.6074

Abstract

Abstract The idea of ​​criticism which synthesizes rationalism and empiricism was coined by Immanuel Kant (1724-1804) in the 18th century. A century known as the aufklarung era (English: Enlightenment), because humans began to realize that the source of knowledge and truth was not only obtained from the authority of religious institutions (churches, mosques, etc.), interpreters of religious texts, religious groups or wise people. , but can be found for those who realize the error (experience), then start thinking activities. By using a qualitative analysis approach to the literature study model (literature study) with content analysis, this research aims to reveal the synthesis between rationalism and empiricism in the philosophical school pioneered by Emanuel Kant and its implications for the study of Islamic Family Law. The results of this research show that the synthesis of two types of theses - rationalism vis a vis empiricism - is what made Immanuel Kant famous as a philosopher with the manifestation of critical philosophy (criticism). According to Kant, only leaning towards one of the methods of searching for the source of truth, namely rationalism or empiricism, will fall into the weakness of knowledge and damage to the standards of truth in knowledge. In order to find the ultimate truth, Kant offers two formulas called a priori and a posteriori which will be synthesized into a formula that complements each other in a coherent way. Thoughts and studies regarding the synthesis of these two schools are an interesting study to describe, especially if they are related to how they relate to several aspects of life, including the study of Islamic Family Law as part of socio-religious studies. Keywords: Synthesis, Rationalism, Empiricism, Criticism, Islamic Family Law.
KEMITRASEJAJARAN PRIA-WANITA DALAM ISLAM SEBAGAI KRITIK WACANA PATRIARKIS DAN TEOLOGI FEMINISME Hurnawijaya - Hurnawijaya
At-Ta'aruf : Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Islam Vol 3 No 2 (2024): At-Ta'aruf : Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Islam
Publisher : Hukum Keluarga Islam

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59579/ath.v3i2.8664

Abstract

Abstract Patriarchy is a system that places adult men in the central or most important position, while others such as wives and children are positioned according to the interests of the patriarch (adult men). In a patriarchal system, women are positioned as wives who are tasked with accompanying, complementing, entertaining and serving their husbands (the patriarch), while children are positioned as the next generation and entertainers of their fathers. This system influences the interpretation and understanding of religion, in this case Islamic teachings. Interpreting religion with a patriarchal lens can give birth to a patriarchal culture that positions women as always and always under men and men must always and always be above women, namely in a position to lead, regulate and control, regardless of whether the man is capable. and fulfill the requirements or not. This understanding then received deconstruction from the feminist movement which challenged interpretations and understandings that tended to be patriarchal, such as the theological construction carried out by several Muslim figures such as Riffat Hassan, Ameena Wadud and so on to realize gender equality, unfortunately the theological construction of gender equality built by Riffat Hassan for example, simply adopting the concept of feminist theology that developed in the West. Even though it is different from women in the West, which has a dark history because women are seen as despised and treated discriminatorily, in Islam women are actually glorified. The arrival of Islam has eliminated jahiliyah customs that were detrimental to women and raised their dignity. If the subordination of women in the West gets legitimacy from the Bible, in the Koran women are actually glorified. Therefore, a new understanding of religion is needed using a gender justice perspective that relations in Islam are not like the understanding in patriarchal culture or gender equality as advocated by western feminism but rather gender harmony in the form of equal partnerships between men and women. Keywords: Interpretation, Gender, Patriarchy, Feminism, Equal Partnerships