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Azom, Md Ali
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Aerospace Engineering Automotive Engineering Computer Science & IT Control & Systems Engineering Electrical & Electronics Engineering Engineering

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Journal : control systems and optimization letters

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Review of Electrical and Thermal Modeling Techniques for Three-Phase PMSM Drives Azom, Md Ali; Hossain, Md. Shahen; Khan, Md. Yakub Ali
Control Systems and Optimization Letters Vol 3, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Peneliti Teknologi Teknik Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59247/csol.v3i1.172

Abstract

The objective of this paper is to present a thorough examination of electrical and thermal modelling approaches for three-phase PMSM drives, emphasizing their methods, potential, and constraints. Modern electric drives now rely heavily on Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors (PMSMs), which are found in renewable energy systems, industrial automation, and electric cars. PMSM drives must be accurately modelled to maximize performance, guarantee dependability, and increase operational longevity. The methods, advantages, and disadvantages of electrical and thermal modelling approaches for three-phase PMSMs are thoroughly examined in this paper. To forecast electromagnetic behavior and drive efficiency, the electrical modelling section examines dynamic dq-axis transformations, finite element methods (FEM), equivalent circuit models, and sophisticated AI-driven techniques. The function of thermal modelling tools in controlling heat dissipation and halting thermal degradation is examined. These techniques include lumped parameter models, coupled electro-thermal models, and computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The trade-offs between these models' practical usability, computational complexity, and accuracy are highlighted by a comparative comparison. Incorporating trade-offs between accuracy, complexity, and usability into modelling methods for three-phase Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM) drives offer a comprehensive viewpoint that strikes a compromise between performance and usefulness. Current issues are noted in the review, including the requirement for real-time adaptive models and the incorporation of multi-physics effects. New developments are highlighted as promising paths to improve PMSM modelling, including AI-based simulations and digital twin technologies. The goal of this study is to provide researchers and engineers with a thorough resource that will direct the creation of reliable and effective PMSM drive systems. The review's findings and insights have the potential to influence a variety of applications, spur innovation in PMSM drives, and aid in the global shift to sustainable technologies and electrification.
Recent Developments in Control and Simulation of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Systems Azom, Md Ali; Khan, Md. Yakub Ali
Control Systems and Optimization Letters Vol 3, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Peneliti Teknologi Teknik Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59247/csol.v3i1.173

Abstract

This paper's main goal is to present a thorough analysis of current advancements in the simulation and control of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM) systems. A crucial part of contemporary electrical drive systems, the Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM) finds extensive use in fields like industrial automation, renewable energy systems, and electric cars. This review examines the most current developments in PMSM system control and simulation, with a focus on cutting-edge modelling techniques, new control strategies, and the most recent simulation methods. It emphasizes how increasingly complex strategies like Model Predictive Control (MPC), Sliding Mode Control (SMC), and AI-based approaches have replaced more conventional ones like PID and vector control. Advanced control techniques like Field-Oriented Control (FOC) and MPC are used by Tesla and other EV manufacturers to maximize PMSM performance, guarantee smooth torque delivery, and improve energy economy. Siemens Gamesa wind turbines use PMSMs with reliable control systems for fault tolerance and maximum energy production in a range of wind conditions. The study also discusses the developments in simulation techniques, such as the incorporation of multi-physics models, real-time simulation, and the application of AI to improve simulation efficiency and accuracy. More realistic modelling of PMSM systems in dynamic contexts is now possible thanks to recent developments in simulation approaches, such as Multiphysics models and real-time simulations. These simulations are combined with sophisticated control algorithms to give real-time input while the system is operating, which speeds up fault finding and optimization. This procedure is further improved by AI-based simulation tools, which forecast system behavior’s under varied circumstances and spot possible problems before they arise. It is described how these advancements affect PMSM performance, including increased fault tolerance, robustness, and efficiency. The study concludes by highlighting the significance of integrating cutting-edge control and simulation approaches for optimal performance in PMSM systems, as well as important research issues and prospects.
Challenges and Advances in Electrical and Thermal Modeling of High-Precision PMSM Drives Azom, Md Ali; Khan, Md. Yakub Ali
Control Systems and Optimization Letters Vol 3, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Peneliti Teknologi Teknik Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59247/csol.v3i2.175

Abstract

This review examines the challenges and advancements in electrical and thermal modeling of PMSM systems, emphasizing their interdependence and practical applications. Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors (PMSMs) are essential for high-precision applications including electric vehicles, robots, and aerospace systems because of their exact controllability, high efficiency, and high-power density. However, maximizing PMSM drive performance necessitates a thorough comprehension of both their thermal and electrical properties. The difficulties and developments in electrical and thermal modeling for PMSMs are thoroughly examined in this paper, with a focus on high-precision applications. The research starts by going over the basics of PMSM drives and their operating parameters. Next, it examines important electrical modeling methods, such as finite element methods, dq-axis transformations, and approaches to nonlinearities like saturation and harmonics. The conversation goes on to explore thermal modeling techniques, emphasizing computational fluid dynamics, lumped parameter models, and finite element thermal analysis. The review emphasizes how important integrated electrical-thermal models are for accurately predicting the coupled dynamics of electrical performance and heat generation in high-performance applications. Innovative solutions including machine learning-driven models, hybrid approaches, and the usage of digital twins are considered alongside major problems like computational complexity, parameter identification, and real-time implementation. In addition, this paper looks at real-world case studies that demonstrate how sophisticated modeling approaches can improve PMSM designs and guarantee thermal stability in a range of operating scenarios. The development of real-time simulation techniques, investigation of new cooling materials, and improvements in multi-physics modeling are among the final research directions mentioned. Future directions include advancements in real-time simulation, novel cooling materials, and multi-physics modeling. By highlighting this early integration, the study offers a cohesive framework that improves comprehension of coupled electro-thermal phenomena, setting it apart from traditional research and making it an invaluable tool for engineers and researchers.
Recent Advances in Thermal Management Techniques for High-Performance PMSMS: A Comprehensive Review Azom, Md Ali; Khan, Md. Yakub Ali
Control Systems and Optimization Letters Vol 4, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Peneliti Teknologi Teknik Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59247/csol.v4i1.178

Abstract

This paper presents recent advancements in thermal management techniques for high-performance Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors (PMSMs), highlighting their role in improving efficiency and reliability. Due to their high-power density, small size, and exceptional efficiency, permanent magnet synchronous motors, or PMSMs, have become indispensable in high-performance applications like industrial automation, electric cars, and aerospace. Since excessive heat generation can lower motor efficiency, shorten its lifespan, and jeopardize dependability, the growing demands for improved performance have created serious issues in thermal management. The latest developments in thermal management strategies for high-performance PMSMs are thoroughly examined in this paper. Important thermal issues are covered, such as the development of hot spots, unequal heat distribution, and thermal resistance at crucial contacts. The incorporation of cutting-edge cooling technologies into motor design is examined in this research, along with liquid cooling, heat pipes, phase change materials, and enhanced thermal interface materials. Furthermore, it is emphasized how important computational thermal modeling and simulation are to maximizing PMSM thermal performance. The interaction of mechanical, thermal, and electrical dynamics is emphasized to provide dependable and effective motor operation. This review identifies current limitations and explores future trends, including adaptive cooling techniques and AI-driven thermal modeling, to enhance PMSM efficiency and sustainability. This will allow for further breakthroughs in sustainable and energy-efficient technologies.
Recent Advances in Thermal Management Techniques for High-Performance PMSMs - A Comprehensive review Azom, Md Ali; Khan, Md Yakub Ali
Control Systems and Optimization Letters Vol 3, No 3 (2025)
Publisher : Peneliti Teknologi Teknik Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59247/csol.v3i3.180

Abstract

This paper presents recent advancements in thermal management techniques for high-performance permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs), highlighting their role in improving efficiency and reliability. Due to their high-power density, small size, and exceptional efficiency, permanent magnet synchronous motors, or PMSMs, have become indispensable in high-performance applications like industrial automation, electric cars, and aerospace. Since excessive heat generation can lower motor efficiency, shorten its lifespan, and jeopardize dependability, the growing demands for improved performance have created serious issues in thermal management. The latest developments in thermal management strategies for high-performance PMSMs are thoroughly examined in this paper. Important thermal issues are covered, such as the development of hot spots, unequal heat distribution, and thermal resistance at crucial contacts. The incorporation of cutting-edge cooling technologies into motor design is examined in this research, along with liquid cooling, heat pipes, phase change materials, and enhanced thermal interface materials. Furthermore, it is emphasized how important computational thermal modeling and simulation are to maximizing PMSM thermal performance. The interaction of mechanical, thermal, and electrical dynamics is emphasized to provide dependable and effective motor operation. This review identifies current limitations and explores future trends, including adaptive cooling techniques and AI-driven thermal modeling, to enhance PMSM efficiency and sustainability. This will allow for further breakthroughs in sustainable and energy-efficient technologies.
Co-Authors Hossain, Md. Shahen Khan, Md Yakub Ali Khan, Md. Yakub Ali