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Sugianto, Yohanes
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology

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Histological Alterations of the Duodenum Induced by Sleeping Pills Krisnasari, Alfian Silvia; Sugianto, Yohanes
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4 (2025): Oktober-Desember
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4.10058

Abstract

In Indonesia, sleep disorders, including those triggered by fatigue, have a relatively high prevalence. Data indicate that about 10% of the population, or approximately 28 million people, experience insomnia, with findings from the Indonesia Family Life Survey (IFLS-5) revealing that 33.3% suffer from mild insomnia, 11% from clinical insomnia, and 1% of respondents use sleeping pills. One type of sleeping pill classified as a narcotic and psychotropic substance is Diazepam (Psychotropic IV). This study aimed to investigate changes in the digestive system, particularly in the duodenum, as the organ responsible for absorbing various substances entering the body. The research used 12 rats divided into four groups: a control group (1% Polyethylene Glycol 1000) and three diazepam-treated groups (P1, P2, P3) with concentrations of 62.25, 83, and 124.5 mg/kg BW, respectively. Treatments were administered for 28 days. Afterward, the rats were euthanized, and the duodenum was necropsied. Specimens were prepared using the paraffin method and stained with hematoxylin-eosin. Histological structures were examined microscopically and scored. Observed histological damage included glandular dilation, edema, pyknosis, congestion, epithelial erosion, and neutrophil infiltration. Diazepam acts by enhancing the effect of the neurotransmitter GABA in the central nervous system, producing sedative and muscle relaxant effects; however, this muscle relaxation can also affect smooth muscles in the gastrointestinal tract, reducing intestinal motility.
The Role of Psycotropic Diazepam as Liver toxicity Causes Damage to Histological and Hepatic Function Krisnasari, Alfian Silvia; Sugianto, Yohanes
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 1 (2025): Januari - Maret
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i1.8643

Abstract

Abuse of drugs and chemical compounds is increasing nowadays, one of the sleeping pills that is classified as a drug and is circulating in the community is Diazepam. Research on psychotropics that focuses on histopathological effects is important, because of the lack of research and information.The aim of this study was to determine changes in the histological structure of the liver and measured SGPT and SGOT due to diazepam, hopefully can increase awareness for used. This study used 12 mice divided into 4 groups by Simple Random Sampling method. The groups were control (Polyethylen Glycol 1000 1%) and 3 diazepam treatments (P1, P2 and P3) the concentration was 62.25; 83; 124.5 mg/kg/BW. Treatment were given for 28 days. SGPT and SGOT measured by Spectrofotometry on days 0, 7, 14, 21 and 28. After 28 days the mice were euthanized. The paraffin technique, hematoxylin and eosin staining, and scoring were used to prepare the samples, and the one-way anova T-test was used to assess the results. The damage histological structure of the liver observed was vacuolization, pyknosis, sinusoidal dilatation, cloudy swelling, fat and accumulation of Kupffer cells.  Damage increases as the dose increases. SGPT and SGOT enzyme showed were not significantly different.
Co-Authors Krisnasari, Alfian Silvia