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All Journal Jurnal Teknik Mesin International Journal of Innovation in Mechanical Engineering and Advanced Materials
Monica, Zelvia
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Aerospace Engineering Automotive Engineering Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Energy Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mechanical Engineering

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Fuel Efficiency Evaluation of Automatic Motorcycles in Indonesia Using MATLAB-Based Clustering Fadhilla, Eky Nur; Monica, Zelvia; Adnan, Farrah Anis Fazliatul; Rhee, Jong Soo; Ginting, Dianta
International Journal of Innovation in Mechanical Engineering and Advanced Materials Vol 7, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Mercu Buana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22441/ijimeam.v7i2.31577

Abstract

The continuous rise in fuel prices in Indonesia has made fuel efficiency a crucial factor for consumers when selecting vehicles, particularly motorcycles. Automatic scooters with engine capacities below 160 cc have become increasingly popular in urban areas due to their fuel-saving benefits. This study aims to analyze the influence of engine capacity, vehicle weight, and engine torque on the fuel consumption of automatic scooters with engine capacities ranging from 109 cc to 156.9 cc. The study also considers additional performance parameters, including average fuel consumption, power output, and Power-to-Weight Ratio (PWR). Using statistical analysis and MATLAB-based modeling, the data were classified into three distinct clusters. Cluster 1 comprises scooters with engine capacities between 109 and 125 cc; Cluster 2 includes those with capacities between 150 and 160 cc; and Cluster 3 represents scooters with unique component specifications. The results show that Cluster 2 records the highest average maximum power output at 11.47 kW and torque at 14.25 Nm, while Cluster 1 has the lowest at 6.1 kW and 9.64 Nm, respectively. In terms of weight, Cluster 3 is the heaviest, averaging 129.33 kg, while Cluster 1 is the lightest at 96.14 kg. Fuel efficiency is highest in Cluster 1 at 55.3 km/l and lowest in Cluster 3 at 38.67 km/l. Comparative analysis using MATLAB confirms that scooters with lower engine capacities and weights tend to be more fuel-efficient, whereas higher engine capacities lead to increased torque, power, weight, and fuel consumption. These findings can guide consumers in selecting motorcycles that align with their usage needs and assist manufacturers in developing more efficient and high-performing scooters tailored to diverse market segments.
Effect of Coconut Shell Powder and MgO-SiO₂ Composite as Flux on Fume Emission, Strength, Hardness, and Microstructure in SMAW Welds : A review Monica, Zelvia; Nurato, Nurato
Jurnal Teknik Mesin (Journal Of Mechanical Engineering) Vol 14, No 3 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Mercu Buana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22441/jtm.v14i3.36701

Abstract

Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) is extensively applied across industries due to its simplicity and versatility. However, conventional flux materials commonly used in SMAW produce toxic fumes that pose environmental and health hazards. This review investigates the potential of coconut shell powder, combined with magnesium oxide (MgO) and silicon dioxide (SiO₂), as a sustainable flux alternative. Coconut shell powder, a carbon-rich agricultural waste, has demonstrated effectiveness in reducing fume emissions, while MgO and SiO₂ enhance slag formation, arc stability, and weld metallurgical quality.Replacing conventional flux with up to 30% coconut shell powder has been shown to reduce fume emissions by approximately 40%. The addition of MgO-SiO₂ composites improves weld tensile strength and hardness. Microstructural observations reveal finer grain structures, reduced porosity, and the formation of acicular ferrite, which contributes to increased toughness and crack resistance. This study aims to address gaps in previous research, which often focused on non-welding applications or did not assess key welding characteristics such as fume generation, mechanical properties, and microstructure. By integrating biomass waste and ceramic compounds, the proposed flux formulation offers an eco-friendly and cost-effective alternative for SMAW electrodes.In addition to enhancing weld quality, this approach supports environmental sustainability by utilizing locally abundant, underused natural resources. It also reduces dependence on synthetic flux minerals, making it suitable for widespread use in tropical regions. Further research is recommended to optimize the composition and evaluate performance across various base metals and welding conditions.
Co-Authors Adnan, Farrah Anis Fazliatul Fadhilla, Eky Nur Ginting, Dianta Nurato Nurato, Nurato Rhee, Jong Soo