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All Journal Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management
Hussein, Hossam Mostafa
Unknown Affiliation
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology

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Treatment of wastewater using innovative and novel biofilm carriers Hussein, Hossam Mostafa; Abdelmomen, Mahmoud Mohamed; Taha, Amira Maowed; Nagy, Amira Mohamed
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 12 No. 3 (2025)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2025.123.7853

Abstract

This study examined the potential of repurposing agricultural waste as biofilm carriers in Moving Bed Biofilm Reactors (MBBRs) for wastewater treatment. The goal of this experimental research was to reduce the wastewater treatment costs. This research focused on two agricultural by-products: banana stems and corn stalks. These materials were tested as biofilm carriers in a laboratory-scale MBBR setup. Banana stems and corn stalks were prepared to facilitate biofilm formation before being incorporated into the reactor. Results revealed that banana stems achieved reductions of 27% in COD and 32% in BOD, with TSS dropping by 69% during treatment at a filling ratio of 40%. Despite these reductions, the low density of banana stems led to less effective pollutant removal. In contrast, corn stalks demonstrated superior performance, achieving 69% and 83.6% reductions in COD and BOD, respectively, and a 66.7% reduction in TSS at a 40% filling ratio. The higher surface area and better integration of corn stalks with wastewater contributed to more efficient biofilm formation and pollutant degradation than banana stems.
Sludge holding tanks performance in wastewater treatment: Techno-economic assessment Hussein, Hossam Mostafa; Ali, Sayed Ismail; Ali, Marwan Mohamed; Elmoamen, Mahmoud Abd
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 12 No. 4 (2025)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2025.124.8035

Abstract

This study evaluates the performance and economic viability of sludge holding tanks in wastewater treatment, focusing on their role in sludge management, particularly in Egypt’s expanding wastewater infrastructure. Despite their widespread use, sludge holding tanks lack standardized design and operational guidelines. This research addresses this gap by assessing operational parameters, design criteria, and economic impacts, especially for small-scale treatment plants. A pilot-scale sludge holding tank was tested in two phases: the first examined the effects of retention time and air mixing rates on waste-activated sludge (WAS) treatment, while the second investigated the impact of increased solids loading by adding primary sludge. Results indicate that sludge holding tanks primarily function as thickening units, with optimal performance at retention times of 23-26 hours and air mixing rates of 1.3-6 m³/hr/m³. Lower air mixing rates improved thickening efficiency, achieving dry solids content of up to 1.5%, suitable for dewatering. The addition of primary sludge further enhanced thickening, underscoring the importance of sludge composition. Economically, these tanks are more cost-effective than traditional thickeners and digesters, requiring less volume and lower operational costs. Although effluent quality may not match advanced treatment units, their simplicity and affordability make them ideal for small-scale facilities. The study provides practical recommendations for optimizing sludge holding tanks, contributing to more sustainable and efficient sludge management strategies.
Co-Authors Abdelmomen, Mahmoud Mohamed Ali, Marwan Mohamed Ali, Sayed Ismail Elmoamen, Mahmoud Abd Nagy, Amira Mohamed Taha, Amira Maowed