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All Journal Mandala: Jurnal Ilmu Hubungan Internasional Jurnal Inovasi Ilmu Sosial dan Politik
Tobing, Fredy Buhama Lumban
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Social Sciences

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Foreign policy and science: Switzerland actions to address the climate crisis effects in the arctic through the arctic council Aristama, Ferga; Tobing, Fredy Buhama Lumban
Jurnal Inovasi Ilmu Sosial dan Politik (JISoP) Vol 5 No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33474/jisop.v5i1.19746

Abstract

like to have limited social-economy material advantage, Switzerland's action to actively and continuously participate in the Arctic Council is an interesting topic to discuss. Existing literature has captured Switzerland's actions to fight against the climate crisis, yet missed to address why it carried to participate in the Council amidst likely-limited materialistic returns. Deploying Foreign Policy Analysis and Resources Based Theory of Soft Power as an analytical approach and qualitative approach, this study argues that Switzerland's Foreign Policy which specifically emphasizes action in climate protection and global environment is the reason behind its active participation in various global communities, including in the Arctic Council. Interestingly, Switzerland utilizes science as an instrument of diplomacy and constructs its identity as a global science policy advisor in the environmental sector. Thus, the global climate crisis issues have been an opportunity for Switzerland as a small power to enhance its bargaining position in international politics through science as a soft power.
The Long Road to Agreement: Analyzing the Dynamics of the Indonesia-Australia CEPA Negotiation Safitriyani; Tobing, Fredy Buhama Lumban
Mandala: Jurnal Ilmu Hubungan Internasional Vol 8 No 1 (2025): Mandala: Jurnal Hubungan Internasional
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Sosial Ilmu Politik, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional "Veteran" Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33822/mjihi.v8i1.11088

Abstract

The signing of the Indonesia-Australia Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (IA-CEPA) in 2019 and its ratification by Indonesia in 2020 marked a significant milestone in the economic relationship between the two nations. IA-CEPA goes beyond mere trade cooperation, encompassing a broader spectrum of economic collaboration across diverse sectors. However, the IA-CEPA negotiation process was challenging, notably a lengthy three-year hiatus from 2013 to 2016. This article delves into the reasons behind Indonesia's decision to persevere with IA-CEPA negotiations despite the extended delay, employing a qualitative methodology with a deductive approach using negotiation theory. The study finds that Indonesia's continued engagement stemmed from recognizing IA-CEPA as a crucial economic deal for expanding market access to Australia and attracting investment into Indonesia. Despite facing domestic political hurdles and shifts then, Indonesia maintained its commitment to the agreement, viewing it as an important step in strengthening the strategic partnership between the two countries.
Co-Authors Aristama, Ferga Safitriyani