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All Journal Indonesian Journal of Science and Mathematics Education Journal of Research in Mathematics, Science, and Technology Education
Abdimuminov, Akmal
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Education Mathematics Social Sciences Other

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Enhancing Student Learning Through Collaborative Inquiry: Determining the Refractive Index of Various Substances Ruziyev, Islom; Sayfullayev, Behruz; Khushnazarov, Otabek; Abdimuminov, Akmal; Mamatkulova, Khadicha
Journal of Research in Mathematics, Science, and Technology Education Vol. 2 No. 1 (2025): Journal of Research in Mathematics, Science, and Technology Education
Publisher : Scientia Publica Media

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70232/jrmste.v2i1.27

Abstract

The refractive index is a fundamental property of materials that describes how light propagates through a medium, enabling an understanding of optical phenomena such as refraction. This study investigates the refractive indices of water, oil, and glass using hands-on experimentation based on Snell’s Law. The researchers, who were also the participants, conducted the study as part of an independent project under the Cambridge AS Level Physics curriculum. Utilizing basic laboratory materials, including a ray box, protractor, and transparent containers, the experiment involved measuring the angles of incidence and refraction to calculate refractive indices. Each measurement was repeated three times for accuracy, and multiple angles of incidence were tested for consistency. The results showed a strong agreement between experimental and theoretical values, with refractive indices of 1.33 for water, 1.46 for oil, and 1.52 for glass, yielding percent errors of 0%, 0.68%, and 0.66%, respectively. These findings confirmed the reliability of the methodology and the validity of Snell’s Law. Minor deviations were attributed to potential sources of error, such as measurement inaccuracies and material impurities. This hands-on activity enhanced the researchers’ conceptual understanding of light behavior while promoting critical thinking, problem-solving, and independent research skills. The perspective of the students was meaningful as they enjoyed the activity. The collaborative nature of the activity was an outlet for the participants to enhance their learning. The practical approach fostered a deeper appreciation for experimental physics and demonstrated the importance of systematic data collection and analysis in scientific inquiry. By bridging theory with practice, the study highlighted the value of active learning in understanding complex physical concepts.
Quantitative investigation of acceleration due to gravity using PhET interactive simulations in physics education Fayzullayev, Amirzoda; To’rayev, Quvonchbek; Khushnazarov, Otabek; Mamatkulova, Khadicha; Abdimuminov, Akmal
Indonesian Journal of Science and Mathematics Education Vol. 9 No. 1 (2026): Indonesian Journal of Science and Mathematics Education
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Intan Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24042/ijsme.v9i1.26786

Abstract

Understanding acceleration due to gravity (g) is a cornerstone of classical mechanics, but it can be difficult for some students. Traditional experiments often require expensive equipment and are prone to measurement errors. This paper investigated acceleration due to gravity by analyzing the relationship between a projectile's launch angle (θ) and its horizontal range (R). Using PhET simulations, a projectile is launched at various angles while maintaining a constant initial velocity of 15 m/s. Experiments show that the horizontal range depends on the sine of twice the launch angle (sin(2θ)), as predicted by the theoretical equation. This study was quasi-experimental, using a post-test-only design. Twenty high school students participated and were divided into five groups. The experimental results agreed with the linear relationship between R and sin(2θ), allowing g to be approximately 9.81, which is consistent with the accepted value. The average percentage error was only 1.04%, confirming the reliability and accuracy of the PhET simulations. This paper recommends extending the experiments to incorporate real-world settings that account for air resistance and other environmental factors. These findings highlight the effectiveness of simulations in understanding projectile motion and verifying fundamental constants with high precision and minimal equipment.
Co-Authors Fayzullayev, Amirzoda Khushnazarov, Otabek Mamatkulova, Khadicha Ruziyev, Islom Sayfullayev, Behruz To’rayev, Quvonchbek