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All Journal Reaktor Venn: Journal of Sustainable Innovation on Education, Mathematics and Natural Sciences
Pampang, Harun
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Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Control & Systems Engineering Education Energy Environmental Science Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mathematics Physics Other

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Kinetics of BTX Removal by Rhodococcus Erythropolis in a Slurry Bioreactor Ole, Maria Assumpta Nogo; Ranggina, Dian; Pampang, Harun; Darajat, Zakiyah
Venn: Journal of Sustainable Innovation on Education, Mathematics and Natural Sciences Vol. 5 No. 2 (2026): Biology, Physics, Chemistry, and other Basic Sciences
Publisher : Pusat Studi Bahasa dan Publikasi Ilmiah

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53696/venn.v5i2.421

Abstract

Benzene, toluene, and xylene (BTX) contamination arising from oil-drilling operations constitutes a persistent environmental challenge, necessitating the development of robust bioremediation strategies underpinned by kinetic evaluation. This study systematically investigated the kinetics of BTX removal by Rhodococcus erythropolis in a slurry-phase bioreactor employing soil sourced from the PPEJ oil-drilling site in Tuban, Indonesia, with particular emphasis on the influence of inoculum concentration on the k₀ and the Kₘ. Batch experiments were conducted at inoculum loadings of 12,5%, 15%, and 17,5% (v/v), with periodic monitoring of dissolved-phase BTX concentrations and BOD. Analytical methodologies encompassed gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) for the quantification of BTX and intermediate metabolites, BOD assessment, and kinetic modeling to estimate k₀ and Kₘ values. The results demonstrated that incremental increases in inoculum concentration consistently elevated the k₀, thereby expediting BTX removal in reactors with higher biomass. However, a concomitant decline in specific activity per unit biomass was observed at the highest inoculum level, attributable to mass-transfer limitations—specifically, restricted diffusion of oxygen and substrate into microbial flocs—and heterogeneity in enzyme induction. The estimated Kₘ values exhibited variability across inoculum concentrations, indicating that substrate affinity is modulated by reactor physical parameters and microbial enzymatic adaptation. These findings underscore the necessity of optimizing inoculum concentration in concert with operational parameters such as dissolved oxygen control, agitation intensity, and structured kinetic assays to ensure that enhancements in k₀ are translated into effective per-cell degradation and complete mineralization of BTX contaminants in soils impacted by oil-drilling activities.
Comparative Kinetic Modelling and Performance Evaluation Of Immobilized Media Using Zeolite and Biokeramic In an Anaerobic Fixed-Bed Reactor Treating Dairy Sludge Waste Pampang, Harun; Nogo Ole, Maria Assumpta; Ranggina, Dian; Moneteringtyas, Prisca Caesa
Reaktor Volume 26 No.1 April 2026
Publisher : Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/reaktor.26.1.%p

Abstract

This study evaluates the performance of anaerobic fixed-bed reactors using two different immobilization media, natural zeolite and porous bioceramic, for treating dairy sludge waste. Kinetic modeling was performed using Monod, Contois, and Moser models, implemented by MATLAB to determine substrate degradation (sCOD) and methane production rates. The results indicated that for the zeolite media, the Moser model provided the best fit R2 of 0.9287 and RMSE of 500.12 mg/L with an exponential constant (n) of 2.92, reflecting high microbial sensitivity and synergistic effects in the biofilm. In contrast, the bioceramic media showed higher statistical stability across all models, with the Monod and Moser models achieving an identical R2 of 0.9939. However, a significant functional discrepancy was observed, while bioceramic provided superior statistical fitting, it failed to facilitate effective methanogenesis, with methane concentrations remaining below 10%. Zeolite, despite a slightly lower statistical fit, achieved a peak methane concentration of 37.82% on day 6. This suggests that zeolite's cation exchange capacity effectively mitigates ammonia inhibition from protein-rich dairy sludge, a factor not captured by simplified empirical deterministic kinetic models. This research emphasizes that statistical stability in kinetic modeling did not inherently correlate with bio-energy recovery efficiency, affrim the importance of media selection.
Co-Authors Dian Ranggina Nogo Ole, Maria Assumpta Ole, Maria Assumpta Nogo Prisca Caesa Moneteringtyas Zakiyah Darajat