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All Journal Indonesian Journal Health Science and Medicine
Faisal, Ahmed Nassir
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Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health Veterinary

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Evaluation of Histopathological Features and Some Immunological Markers in Diabetic Foot Ulcer Patients: Evaluasi Gambaran Histopatologi dan Beberapa Penanda Imunologi pada Pasien Ulkus Kaki Diabetes Faisal, Ahmed Nassir; Abbas, Abbas Muhsin
Indonesian Journal on Health Science and Medicine Vol. 1 No. 3 (2024): Desember
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/ijhsm.v2i1.49

Abstract

Background; diabetic foot patients are affected by complications with any injury, more than healthy people, as a result of the delay in discovering the problem, as the patient’s lack of awareness of repeated injuries leads to complications with difficulty in treatment, these disorders are related to controlling the level of sugar in the blood. 39 samples of diabetic foot patients were collected from Al-Rifai General Hospital and the Diabetes Center in Nasiriyah city to conduct histological examinations. Aims of the study; the current study aims to characterize the histopathological features of diabetic foot ulcer cases. And assess immune and biochemical parameters associated with diabetic foot ulcer. In addition to evaluate the correlation between histopathological changes and immune responses. Methodology; Samples (blood, tissue specimen) were collected from diabetic patients with diabetic foot ulcer from Al-Rifai General Hospital and the Diabetic Center in in Nasiriyah city from April 2022 to september2022. Histopathological sections were prepared according to (Bancroft and Steven, 2008) , cytokines (TGF- β, IFN- γ and IL-17A) measured using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent technique ELISA. Result; the current study aims to demonstrate the histopathological changes associated with diabetic foot. results show purulent ulcer with a large gap between the edges of the lesion necrotic foci in the dermis tissue, Fibrin deposition with focal melanin pigmentation, degenerative changes with compaction of nuclei and extensive granulation formation in the dermis with inflammatory activity. The results showed a significant increase in the concentration of some cytokines (TGF- β, IFN- γ and IL-17A) and some Biochemical parameters such as (HbA1C and Triglycerides) in patients with diabetic foot compared to the healthy group. Conclusions; The present study concluded that the severity of diabetic foot ulcers is closely related to the high level of cytokines in diabetic patients with a preponderance in type 1 diabetes Highlights: tudy examines histopathological changes in diabetic foot ulcer patients. Findings show necrosis, inflammation, elevated cytokines (TGF-β, IFN-γ, IL-17A). Diabetic foot severity linked to cytokines and biochemical imbalances. Keywords: Diabetic foot, gangrene, ulcer, TGF- β, IFN- γ and IL-17A
Histological and Cytokine-Based Biomarkers in the Early Diagnosis of Cancer: Biomarker Berbasis Histologi dan Sitokin dalam Diagnosis Dini Kanker Faisal, Ahmed Nassir; Abbas, Abbas Mohsin; M, Chayan; Mohsein, Osama A.
Indonesian Journal on Health Science and Medicine Vol. 2 No. 3 (2025): Desember
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/ijhsm.v2i2.93

Abstract

Background; Early detection of cancer significantly improves treatment outcomes and survival rates. Histological biomarkers, such as cellular atypia, mitotic figures, necrosis, and angiogenesis, play a crucial role in identifying malignancies. Cytokines like interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) are emerging as valuable biomarkers due to their involvement in cancer-related inflammation. Aims of the study; Evaluate the role of histological features and cytokine-based biomarkers, specifically interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), in the early diagnosis of cancer. Methodology; This case-control study, conducted from January to August 2024, included 150 cancer patients and 50 healthy controls. Inclusion criteria were adults aged 18-75 with a cancer diagnosis. Ethical approval was obtained. Tissue samples were processed for histology, and cytokine levels (IL-6, TNF-α) were measured using ELISA. Result; The results showed no significant differences in age and gender between patients and controls, but smoking, family history of cancer, and BMI were significantly higher in patients. Histological examinations revealed clear differences between cancerous and non-cancerous tissues. Cytokine levels were significantly elevated in patients, with strong correlations observed between cytokines and histological parameters. Finally, cytokines demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity, making them effective biomarkers for diagnosis. Conclusions; In conclusion, IL-6 and TNF-α are valuable biomarkers for cancer detection, demonstrating strong correlations with histological features. Their high sensitivity, specificity, and AUC support their potential in early diagnosis and prognosis of cancer. Highlights: Early Detection: IL-6 and TNF-α show high sensitivity and specificity, making them valuable for early cancer diagnosis. Histological Correlation: Strong associations between cytokine levels and tumor features like necrosis and angiogenesis support their diagnostic relevance. Clinical Utility: The study reinforces cytokines as potential non-invasive biomarkers, aiding in early screening and prognosis of cancer.
Co-Authors Abbas, Abbas Mohsin Abbas, Abbas Muhsin M, Chayan Mohsein, Osama A.