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All Journal ASEAN Journal for Science and Engineering in Materials
Shahzad, Muhammad Shakeel
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Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mechanical Engineering

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Graphene-Based Electrochemical Sensors for Heavy Metal Ions Detection: A Comprehensive Review Dilshad, Muhammad; Hussain, Tariq; Ali, Shahbaz; Shahzad, Muhammad Shakeel; Javed, Muhammad; Ahmad, Farhan Nazir; Zaki, Asaad Ahmad
ASEAN Journal for Science and Engineering in Materials Vol 4, No 1 (2025): AJSEM: Volume 4, Issue 1, March 2025
Publisher : Bumi Publikasi Nusantara

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Abstract

The accumulation of heavy metallic ions in the human body causes serious damage. The tracking and removal of these ions is very necessary and that is done via electrochemical sensors because of quick response, high sensitivity, and low but large detection range. In this regard, the surface of the electrode plays a critical role in electrochemical performance. Here, we present a detailed review of work that has been done in the past to modify the surface of electrodes by testing the carbon nanoparticles i.e. graphene or graphene derivatives, and their combination with other nanoparticles. Mixing graphene or graphene oxide with other organic or inorganic materials forms nanocomposites which help to detect various kinds of heavy metal ions such as cadmium, mercury, copper, lead, zinc, etc. in tap water or food items. This review article includes the synthesis methodologies, working mechanisms, advantages, disadvantages, and future prospectus of this field.
Co-Authors Ahmad, Farhan Nazir Ali, Shahbaz Dilshad, Muhammad Hussain, Tariq Javed, Muhammad Zaki, Asaad Ahmad