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All Journal Indonesian Journal of Science and Education
Ayu Nala El Muna Haerussana
Pharmacy Department, Poltekkes Kemenkes Bandung
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Materials Science & Nanotechnology Physics

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Gas Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy (GCMS) Qualitative Analysis for Morphine, Heroin and Codeine used in Doping Ayu Nala El Muna Haerussana; Mimin Kusmiyati; Irvan Herdiana
Indonesian Journal of Science and Education Vol. 7 No. 1 (2023): Indonesian Journal of Science and Education
Publisher : Universitas Tidar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31002/ijose.v7i1.207

Abstract

Three types of doping drugs, morphine, heroin, and codeine were analyzed qualitatively in urine using GCMS: HP5MS column containing a nonpolar substance, phenylmethyl siloxane, with a temperature range of 90-250ºC and a rate of increase of 10ºC/minute. Diethyl ether was used to extract morphine, codeine, and heroin. The extractions were performed at pH 8, the organic phase was evaporated, followed by derivatization. Morphine and its derivatives were treated with a solution of N-methyl-N-trimethylsilyl-trifluoroacetamide and N-methyl-bis-trifluoroacetamide. The results of the gas chromatographic analysis showed that the retention times of morphine, heroin, and codeine the retention times were 8.01, 7.32, 6.21 minutes, while those of their derivatives were 8.10, 8.10, 7.95 minutes respectively. The identification of each drug using mass spectrometry revealed that their mass spectra were identical to the standard. The mass spectra of the derivatives: morphine-TMS and codeine-TMS showed a resemblance index of 93% respectively compound to the standard, with a detection limit of 2 ug/ml.
Old Leaves of Basil Growing in West Java Inhibit The Growth of Escherichia Coli Ayu Nala El Muna Haerussana; Ghea Safhira Syukurillah; Fellya Falianty Bastaman
Indonesian Journal of Science and Education Vol. 10 No. 1 (2026): Indonesian Journal of Science and Education (In Press)
Publisher : Universitas Tidar

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Abstract

Basil (Ocimum sanctum) leaves' compounds and pharmacological capabilities may be influenced by their respective growing regions. This growth region changes the quantities and types of compounds in the leaves. This plant is abundantly available due to the numerous basil plantations in the West Java region. Basil has been shown to inhibit Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. A Gram-negative bacterium that can induce diarrhea and urinary tract infections is Escherichia coli. Basil extract from West Java was examined for its ability to inhibit Escherichia coli bacteria in this investigation. The disc diffusion method was employed to execute the antibacterial activity test. One-way ANOVA and post-hoc tests were implemented to conduct statistical analyses. The growth of Escherichia coli was inhibited by basil leaf extract at concentrations of 50, 75, and 100% (w/v). However, it did not impede growth at a concentration of 25%. The growth of bacteria was not inhibited by DMSO, which was used as the extract solvent and served as a negative control. Conversely, streptomycin moderately inhibited growth. Antibacterial activity in test groups at doses of 50, 75, and 100% differed significantly from each group and control group. At a concentration of 100%, the basil extract exhibited the most major inhibition of Escherichia coli growth, with a diameter of 5.40±0.23 mm.
Co-Authors Fellya Falianty Bastaman Ghea Safhira Syukurillah Irvan Herdiana Mimin Kusmiyati