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EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF CARBON MEDIA AND TEMPERATURE VARIATIONS IN THE PACK CARBURIZING PROCESS OF STAINLESS STEEL 316L ON MATERIAL STRUCTURE AND HARDNESS VALUE Wilibald Vincentius Mae Wangge Willyxsilvester; Nereus Tugur Redationo; Bernardus Crisanto Putra Mbulu
Mechanical, Energy and Material (METAL) Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025): Desember: Mechanical, Energy and Material (METAL)
Publisher : Universitas Katolik Widya Karya Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59581/metal.v3i2.152

Abstract

The need for metal materials in various industries and construction is increasing. Materials that are widely needed by industry, especially the use of current research for the manufacture of electrodes in the electrolysis process. Some of the mechanical properties that are highlighted in quality include strength and wear resistance of the material. To meet these needs, various engineering techniques such as surface coatings are carried out to improve its mechanical properties. One approach that has been introduced is to change the structure of the material using a mixture of natural carbon-based materials, such as coconut shells and Arabica coffee grounds. Coconut shells and Arabica coffee grounds can be processed into carbon through a pyrolysis process at a temperature of 1000°C. The carbon is used as a material for the pack carburizing process with various heating temperatures (700°C, 800°C, 900°C) and various types of coconut shell carbon and Arabica coffee grounds with a base material of 316L stainless steel and will later undergo a testing process that tests the microstructure and hardness. The results of the structural and hardness tests show changes in the structure of the specimen. The higher the temperature, the higher the carbon mass value and the hardness value. Coconut shell carbon specimens with a temperature of 900°C have an average of the highest hardness value of 318 HV and specimens with the lowest hardness value of 293 HV Arabica coffee grounds carbon specimens with a temperature of 700°C. The content of C, Cr, and Ni affects hardness, strength, and high temperature resistance.
THE EFFECT OF CARBON COATING ON STAINLESS STEEL 316L WITH VARIATIONS OF HARDENING PROCESSES (PACK CARBURIZING AND QUENCING) AND TEMPERATURE ON CONDUCTIVITY AND CORROSION RATE cristian bala mudha; Nereus Tugur Redationo; Bernardus Crisanto Putra Mbulu
Mechanical, Energy and Material (METAL) Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025): Desember: Mechanical, Energy and Material (METAL)
Publisher : Universitas Katolik Widya Karya Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59581/metal.v3i2.157

Abstract

Stainless steel is an alloy steel with corrosion (rust) resistance properties. However, the good corrosion and wear resistance properties of stainless steel also require continuous improvement in its performance and service life, especially in highly aggressive environments. One approach to changing the material structure is by using a mixture based on natural carbon, such as robusta coffee grounds. Robusta coffee grounds will be converted into carbon using a pyrolysis process at a temperature of 1000°C with a holding time of 1 hour. This carbon will be used as a coating material on 316L stainless steel with a variety of pack carburizing and quenching processes and temperatures with a holding time of 1 hour, then it will undergo a testing process that includes: thermal conductivity testing, and corrosion rate testing. In the quenching process, the thermal conductivity value of 900°C has a thermal conductivity value of 20.556 W/m°C, 800°C has a thermal conductivity value of 19.669 W/m°C and a temperature of 700°C with a thermal conductivity value of 18.930 W/m°C. while in the pack carburizing process, the temperature of 900°C has a thermal conductivity value of 20.101 W/m°C, and 800° has a thermal conductivity value of 19.54684 W/m°C, while at 700°C the thermal conductivity value is 18.916 W/m°C. At the raw corrosion rate has a corrosion rate value of 7.614 mm/year, in the quenching process of 700°C has a corrosion rate of 12.781 mm/year, while the temperature of 900°C with a corrosion rate value of 18.401 mm/year, and in the pack carburizing process of 700°C has a corrosion rate value of 9.699 mm/year temperature 900°C with a corrosion rate value of 13.234 mm/year. The better process in thermal conductivity is quenching, because it has a faster time but has a high conductivity value, while for the best corrosion rate is the pack carburizing process because it has a smaller corrosion rate value compared to the quenching process