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All Journal Jurnal Sipil dan Arsitektur
Hartono Hartono
Teknik Infrastruktur Sipil dan Perancangan Arsitektur, Sekolah Vokasi, Universitas Diponegoro
Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Engineering

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Pemanfaatan Limbah Kertas (Pulp) dan Serat Batang Pisang Menjadi Campuran Bahan Pembuatan Asbes Plafon Ramah Lingkungan Reyhan Fajrul Arsal; Muchammad David Rivaldy; Hartono Hartono; Shifa Fauziyah
Jurnal Sipil dan Arsitektur Vol 2, No 1 (2024): Maret
Publisher : Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/pilars.2.1.2024.1-11

Abstract

Garbage waste in Indonesia is classified as many, including organic and inorganic. Therefore, research was carried out with the aim of utilizing waste paper and banana tree trunks as a mixture for making environmentally friendly asbestos ceilings. The method used is an experimental method, with a mixture of cement and sand composition of 1:2 namely AP0 (38%, 60%, 2%) ; as well as variations in the composition of the mixture of cement, paper pulp, and banana stem fiber used, among others: AP1 (39%, 60%, 2%) ; AP2 (44%, 55%, 2%) ; AP3 (48%, 50%, 2%) ; AP4 (53%, 45%, 2%) and the various compositions used for mixing cement, paper pulp, banana stem fiber, and sand include: AP5 (39%, 20%, 1%, 40%) ; AP6 (44%, 20%, 1%, 35%) ; AP7 (48%, 20%, 2%, 30%) ; AP8 (53%, 20%, 2%, 25%). The highest average flexural strength results for the variation without sand in the AP4 sample = 68.121 kgf/cm2, while the variation using sand in the AP8 sample = 70.358 kgf/cm2. For the water absorption test results, the lowest average variation without sand was in the AP4 sample = 18.36%, while the variation using sand in the AP8 sample = 12.20%. This test includes flexural strength and water absorption. The use of paper pulp can reduce flexural strength and increase water absorption while banana stem fiber increases flexural strength and decreases water absorption. Therefore, it can be concluded that asbestos ceilings with a mixture of pulp and banana stem fiber are better, economical, and lighter than conventional asbestos ceilings and still meet SNI.
Pemanfaatan Limbah Plastik dan Kaca Sebagai Subtitusi dalam Pembuatan Roster Naufal Azhary Handoko; Ghanny Wijaya Kusuma; Hartono Hartono; Riza Susanti
Jurnal Sipil dan Arsitektur Vol 3, No 1 (2025): Maret
Publisher : Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/pilars.3.1.2025.32-43

Abstract

Ventilation block is generally made from concrete, namely using cement, sand and water. However, along with the rampant development in Indonesia, cement and sand production has increased, which has had an impact on the environment, namely the level of soil fertility which is increasingly decreasing due to mining and the production of carbon dioxide is increasing. This encourages innovation that can reduce environmental impacts. For this reason, research was carried out on the use of plastic and glass waste as substitute materials for cement and sand in making ventilation blocks. This research aims to determine the value of compressive strength, water absorption capacity, physical or visual results, and cost analysis, as well as obtaining the most optimal variations. The method in this research is experimental, namely by making ventilation block test objects with variations R1 (25%:75%:0%:0%),  R2  (15%:70%:10%:5%),  R3  (20%:65%:5%:10%), R4 (10%:75%:15%:0%), and R5 (25%:60%:0%:15%). The optimum variation results are in the R2 variation with a compressive strength value of 1.8 MPa, water absorption capacity of 3.48%, physical requirements, and a cost of IDR 5.127. Apart from that, variations in R2 can reduce the use of cement by 12.3% and sand by 1.7%. From the test results, the use of plastic and glass waste as a substitute material in making ventilation block can be used because it meets the requirements of SNI 03-0349-1989 or is better than rosters in general and is more environmentally friendly.
Pemanfaatan Serbuk Limbah Gypsum Sebagai Substitusi Parsial Komposisi Tanah Liat dan Abu Daun Bambu Sebagai Substitusi Parsial Komposisi Sekam Padi Terhadap Batu Bata Merah Rani Damayanti; Siti Fahitha Muharromah; Bambang Setiabudi; Hartono Hartono
Jurnal Sipil dan Arsitektur Vol 2, No 1 (2024): Maret
Publisher : Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/pilars.2.1.2024.12-17

Abstract

The increase in development has increased the need for construction materials. One material often used is red bricks as a wall pair or barrier in the house. On the other hand, red bricks also have added value in terms of aesthetics. Generally, the main ingredients of bricks are clay, rice husks, and water, which are molded in a square shape, and the hardening process is through burning until it turns red and hard. By looking at the high need for bricks, this research aims to make a mixture innovation to the composition of bricks, namely adding gypsum powder waste to the composition of clay and bamboo leaf ash to the composition of rice husks. The variation used in this innovation is 2.5% gypsum powder waste in each sample of mixed red bricks, then in the variation of bamboo leaf ash by 5% and 7.5%. Like conventional red bricks, the size of red bricks is 23cm long, 10cm wide, and 5cm thick. The test results on conventional red bricks have a compressive strength value of 1.27 MPa and water absorption of 11%, while in red brick innovation, the optimal compressive strength value is in the variation of 2.5% gypsum powder waste in clay and 5% bamboo leaf ash in rice husk has a compressive strength value of 1.58 Mpa and water absorption of 9% where mixed red bricks are superior to conventional red bricks.
Pemanfaatan Limbah Abu Sekam dan Bonggol Jagung Sebagai Bahan Tambah dalam Proses Pembuatan Genteng Beton Yusnika Devi Hartaji; Ahmad Rayhan; Riza Susanti; Hartono Hartono
Jurnal Sipil dan Arsitektur Vol 3, No 1 (2025): Maret
Publisher : Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/pilars.3.1.2025.1-11

Abstract

Concrete tile has brittle properties, so it is less able to withstand loads because it has low bending strength. In addition, concrete tiles also often experience leaks caused by cracks. Therefore, innovation is needed to overcome these weaknesses. This study used materials from waste husk ash and corn weevil ash as a mixture composition. Husk ash is possible because it contains much silica, which, when combined with cement, can increase the bending strength of concrete tiles. Another material that can be used is corn weevil ash because it contains plastic properties that can fill the pores to reduce the potential for concrete tile leakage. This study used an experimental research method with a ratio of cement and sand composition of 1: 3. Substitution percentage for husk ash and corn weevil ash variation A (0% : 0%); B (7.5%: 7.5%); C (10%: 5%); D (12.5%: 2.5%). Tests were conducted based on SNI 0096-2007 for visible properties, size, flatness, flexural strength, water absorption (porosity), and water seepage (impermeability). The test results show that theoptimum concrete tile was obtained in variation C with an increase in bending strength of 24.94%, 1869.06 N, and an average water absorption of 7.91%. The production cost of concrete tiles with additional husk ash and corn weevil ash amounted to Rp 3128.82, down 0.041% due to added materials that can reduce the use of cement and sand so that production costs decrease. Based on the test results, adding husk ash and corn weevil ash gives concrete tiles higher flexural strength, more leak resistance, and more economic.
Pemanfaatan Serbuk Kaca Sebagai Peningkatan Waterproofing pada Bahan Tambah Cat Fikri Haekal; Ismail Aqil M.S.; Riza Susanti; Hartono Hartono
Jurnal Sipil dan Arsitektur Vol 2, No 1 (2024): Maret
Publisher : Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/pilars.2.1.2024.18-25

Abstract

In the construction of a project, walls account for approximately 20% - 40% of the total budget. Wall works are considered costly as they involve various tasks such as brick installation, plastering, rendering, and painting. Nowadays, the use of paint is widespread in line with the development of construction projects in Indonesia. Paint utilization has been extensively developed with various innovations, one of which is waterproofing paint that can protect surfaces from water or moisture. By adding a special ingredient to the paint to enhance its waterproofing properties, wall paint becomes more resistant to rain exposure over time. Therefore, the addition of glass powder to the paint mixture is needed to increase the waterproofing level because glass powder has nonporous characteristics, meaning it does not easily absorb or retain water. The objective of this research is to determine the water resistance of paint with the addition of glass powder at levels of 0%, 2,5%, 5%, 7,5%, and 10% in each 1 kg paint sample. The most optimum paint formulation is achieved by adding a 10% glass powder content, resulting in water leakage test of 0 mL, adhesion test of 5A, water absorption of 6.587%, specific gravity of 2.092 g/mL, coverage of 5.553 m²/Kg, and drying time of 4 minutes. This study aims to contribute to the development of high waterproofing wall paint that is also environmentally friendly.
Analisis Kualitas Genteng Beton Eco-Friendly dengan Cocofiber dan Cangkang Telur Ayam Sebagai Substitusi Pasir dan Semen Ayu Rindiani; Restu Pradipta Eskananda; Hartono Hartono; Riza Susanti
Jurnal Sipil dan Arsitektur Vol 3, No 1 (2025): Maret
Publisher : Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/pilars.3.1.2025.12-23

Abstract

One of the building construction materials needed is concrete tile for the roof of the building. However, concrete tiles have disadvantages, namely a higher price and heavyweight compared to other types of tiles. Therefore, innovations are needed to overcome these problems. This research utilizes coconut coir fiber waste with the same content as sand, which contains 30% silica fiber and is pozzolanic. Then, eggshell waste will be used as a substitute for cement because it contains the same compounds as cement, namely magnesium, iron, and calcium carbonate. The variations in the composition of coconut fibers and eggshells in the manufacture of concrete roof tiles as a partial substitute for the use of sand and cement are GA (0%: 0%), GB (34%: 6%), GC (40%: 6%), GD (32%: 8%), and GE (38%: 8%). In this study, the flexural strength test, water absorption test, water seepage resistance, as well as analyzing the weight and cost of concrete roof tiles were tested. The results of the most optimum concrete tile test are in the GD sample variation: a flexural load value of 1858.2 N, a porosity value of 8.53%, and a seepage test with no water droplets. Then, for the weight analysis of the GD variation, the concrete tile weighs 4.39 kg, and the production cost is IDR 3,017.00. The price differs from conventional roof tiles, Rp 611.00 or 16.84%. The test results show that it fulfilled SNI 0096: 2007.
Pemanfaatan Limbah Kulit Tiram Sebagai Substitusi Semen pada Campuran Bata Ringan Saddam Saktya Sandytia; Tommi Akbar Prasetyo; Shifa Fauziyah; Hartono Hartono
Jurnal Sipil dan Arsitektur Vol 2, No 2 (2024): Juni
Publisher : Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/pilars.2.2.2024.35-40

Abstract

Indonesian coastal areas of tourist spots that cause large amounts of seafood waste, such as oyster shells, led to the idea of reducing beach pollution by using oyster shells as a partial substitute for lightweight bricks as construction material. Lightweight bricks require high costs and have a heavy mass as walls, so oyster shell powder, which contains calcium carbonate and has a smaller specific gravity, is expected to qualify the Indonesian National Standard (SNI) requirements for lightweight bricks. The research method is quantitative experimental, which observes the effect of variables based on SNI. The composite of the lightweight brick combination is 0.35 Water Cement Ratio (FAS): 1 cement: 2 sand: 1 foam agent: 50 water, and the variable of oyster shell powder added to the cement is 0%, 3%, 6%, 9%, and 12% of cement. The quality test for oyster shell powder for making lightweight bricks based on SNI 8640, 2018, includes density, water absorption (porosity), and compressive strength tests. The result of average density analysis for 0% = 986 kg/m³, 3% = 954 kg/m³, 6% = 978 kg/m³, 9% = 920 kg/m³, and 12% = 903 kg /m³.  According to the Indonesian National Standard (SNI), the porosity test results maximum is 25%, the result of average porosity analysis at 0% = 21.2%, 3% = 19.2%, 6%  = 17.2%, 9%  = 23%, and 12% = 24.6%. Compressive strength analysis results at 0%  = 2.3 MPa, 3% = 1.9 MPa, 6%  = 2.1 MPa, 9% = 1.7 MPa, and 12%  = 1.6 MPa. In conclusion, oyster shell powder waste can reduce density, reduce porosity to the optimum point, increase the porosity afterward, increase compressive strength to the optimum point, and reduce compressive strength after passing the optimum point.
Studi Eksperimen Penambahan Limbah Kaca Bening (Float Glass) dan Cangkang Kerang Hijau (Perna viridis) pada Efektivitas Cat Waterproofing Nais Sofina Zulfa; Luthfiah Ajeng Herdiartanti; Riza Susanti; Hartono Hartono
Jurnal Sipil dan Arsitektur Vol 3, No 1 (2025): Maret
Publisher : Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/pilars.3.1.2025.24-31

Abstract

Walls are important elements in a building that function as a divider between rooms and as a protector from external factors. Common damage to walls is caused by water or damp conditions. Water that seeps into the wall can cause damage, reduce quality and durability. The use of waterproofing paint is a solution to overcome this problem. Waterproofing paint has been widely developed with various innovations. With the addition of additives to the paint, waterproofing can be increased. Therefore, paint additives are needed in the form of glass powder to keep the wall surface from being damp and green mussel shell powder which contains calcium carbonate (CaCO3). The purpose of this study was to determine the water resistance of paint added with clear glass powder with percentage variations of 10%, 15% and 20% and green mussel shell powder with a substitution of 5%, 7,5% and 10% with each test object 1 liter of paint. Based on the results of the water seepage test, it has not met SNI requirements. However, the water absorption, specific gravity, spreadability and drying time tests have met SNI requirements. Adhesion testing for all paint variations has met ASTM D3359 requirements.
Co-Authors Ahmad Rayhan Ayu Rindiani Bambang Setiabudi Fikri Haekal Ghanny Wijaya Kusuma Ismail Aqil M.S. Luthfiah Ajeng Herdiartanti Muchammad David Rivaldy Nais Sofina Zulfa Naufal Azhary Handoko Rani Damayanti Restu Pradipta Eskananda Reyhan Fajrul Arsal Riza Susanti Saddam Saktya Sandytia Shifa Fauziyah Siti Fahitha Muharromah Tommi Akbar Prasetyo Yusnika Devi Hartaji