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Ira Nurrasyidah
Department of Pulmonology and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarmasin, Indonesia.

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Endobronchial Tuberculosis Mimicking Lung Malignancy: A Case Report Riza Adi Saputra; Ira Nurrasyidah
Jurnal Respirasi Vol. 12 No. 2 (2026): May 2026
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jr.v12-I.2.2026.159-164

Abstract

Introduction: Endobronchial tuberculosis (EBTB) is an infection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) in the tracheobronchial tree. This case report aimed to describe the diagnostic challenge of endobronchial TB mimicking lung malignancy and to emphasize the role of bronchoscopy in establishing the diagnosis. Case: A 28-year-old male complained of a dry cough and weight loss for 4 months and had a lump on the left side of his back and neck for 3 months. Lung palpation found decreased fremitus, dull percussion, and decreased vesicular breath sounds in the middle-left lung. Acid-fast bacilli (AFB) sputum was negative, and the finding of the lump from the fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) was chronic inflammation. Chest X-ray (CXR) showed an irregular border and homogeneous opacity in the left middle lung field. Chest computed tomography (CT) suggested a lung mass with a perihilar-left peribronchial infiltrative solid lesion and enlarged subcarinal and peribronchial lymph nodes. Bronchoscopy revealed easily bleeding leukoplakia in the left upper lobe bronchus; forceps biopsy: nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT) MTB detected at very low levels, without rifampicin resistance. Malignant cells were not detected from brushing cytology and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). Finally, the patient was diagnosed with EBTB and received 6 months of anti-TB therapy. Conclusion: Bronchoscopy has a higher biopsy sensitivity than FNAB in diagnosing EBTB. The bronchoscopy results in this case indicated an active caseous type. Endobronchial TB therapy uses a standard anti-TB combination for 6-9 months, aiming to eradicate and prevent tracheobronchial stenosis. Hence, there needs to be early diagnosis. This patient showed clinical and radiological improvement after 6 months of therapy. In this case, bronchoscopy was significant for diagnosing EBTB.
Adjunctive Effects of Bajakah Wood (Spatholobus littoralis Hassk.) on Cholesterol and Triglyceride in EGFR Wild Type Lung Adenocarcinoma Patients Elok Hikmatun Nikmah; Erna Kusumawardhani; Eko Suhartono; Ira Nurrasyidah; Isa Ansori; Ali Assagaf; Mohamad Isa; Haryati Haryati; Ika Kustiyah Oktaviyanti
Jurnal Respirasi Vol. 12 No. 1 (2026): January 2026
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jr.v12-I.1.2026.13-19

Abstract

Introduction: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer mortality, influenced by uncontrolled cell proliferation, migration, metastasis, and mutations. The imbalance of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and triglycerides (TG) has an important role. Spatholobus littoralis Hassk., or Bajakah wood, has antioxidant effects due to dihydrokaempferol, which lowers cholesterol levels and increases HDL. This additional therapy is expected to have a positive impact, supporting treatment for patients with wild-type lung adenocarcinoma. Methods: This was a single-blind clinical trial conducted at Ulin General Hospital, Banjarmasin, Indonesia, in patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-wild-type lung adenocarcinoma at a minimum stage IIIA, from June 2023 to July 2024. The participants were divided into two groups: the treatment group (adjunctive Bajakah wood 1,000 mg) and the control group. Cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), HDL, and TG were measured twice before starting chemotherapy and after the third chemotherapy cycle. The resulting data were analyzed using the independent t-test and the Mann-Whitney test through the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 26. Results: For the 21 total patients, the cholesterol and TG levels in the treatment group before and after the third chemotherapy were 200.55±42.65 to 184.45±24.20 and 131.27±44.76 to 112.73±34.74, respectively. The control group results were 185.10±51.98 to 168.30±32.89 and 118.30±51.30 to 104.10±12.53, respectively. The comparison of changes between the two groups was not significant (p-value > 0.005). Conclusion: Cholesterol and TG levels were reduced, but there were no statistically significant differences after the addition of therapy with Bajakah wood.