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All Journal Verity: Jurnal Ilmiah Hubungan Internasional (International Relations Journal) Mandala: Jurnal Ilmu Hubungan Internasional
Nur Al-Husin, Rachmasari
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Social Sciences

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Perdagangan Antara Indonesia dan Amerika Latin: Integrasi Melalui De Jure Nur Al-Husin, Rachmasari
Verity: Jurnal Ilmiah Hubungan Internasional (International Relations Journal) Vol. 17 No. 33 (2025): January - June
Publisher : Universitas Pelita Harapan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19166/verity.v17i33.9528

Abstract

Indonesia has formed de jure trade integration with Latin America, although exports to the region are relatively low and political will to integrate is still minimal. In addition, the low interest of Indonesian entrepreneurs in trade with Latin America further shows the lack of integration opportunities. In fact, ideally trade integration occurs after intense trade relations. This fact raises the research question: Why did Indonesia immediately form de jure trade integration with Latin America? In order to answer this question, this research used a qualitative method with descriptive analysis. Data were collected through interviews and literature studies, then it was analyzed by using an illustrative method. Moreover, this research used the concept introduced by Gamso and Postnikov (2021) regarding South-South Country Form Trade Integration which is encouraged by 2 matters. First, competition pressure to compete with fellow southern countries. Second, policy learning that the experience of trade integration with traditional partners is used as a reference in order to form something similar to fellow southern countries. This research shows that Indonesia formed de jure trade integration with Latin America because of policy learning. Experience in forming trade integration with traditional partners makes Indonesia accustomed to certain standards and negotiation patterns. A similar approach is applied to Latin America with an agreement format which has proven effective, accelerating and deepening trade integration. In the context of competition pressure, this step is not to compete with Latin America, but rather to maintain the consistency of trade integration as with traditional partners.
Policy Analysis of Indonesia's Sea Sand Export Reopening 2023 Nur Al-Husin, Rachmasari
Mandala: Jurnal Ilmu Hubungan Internasional Vol 7 No 1 (2024): Mandala: Jurnal Hubungan Internasional
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Sosial Ilmu Politik, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional "Veteran" Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33822/mjihi.v6i2.7844

Abstract

Abstract This research aims to analyze why Indonesia reopened the export of sea sand after being banned for 20 years. That in 2002, there was a policy banning the export of Indonesian sea sand because many were sent to Singapore and were detrimental. Then in 2007, another policy affirmation was issued to ban the export of sea sand. Until then in 2023, Indonesia reopened the export of sea sand. This research uses qualitative methods, through primary and secondary data sources. This research uses the concept of Domestic Source of Foreign Economic Policies by Michael J. Hiscox, related to what domestic sources influence foreign economic policies issued. Based on the results of the study, it can be found that the reason Indonesia issued a policy of reopening sea sand exports was based on preferences and institutions influence. Where preferences consist of trade, immigration, foreign investment, and exchange rates. While institutions consist of elections and representation, legislature and policy making, and bureaucratic agencies. Keywords: Indonesia, Singapore, Domestic Source of Foreign Economic Policies Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis mengapa Indonesia membuka kembali ekspor pasir laut setelah dilarang selama 20 tahun. Bahwa di tahun 2002, terdapat kebijakan pelarangan ekspor pasir laut Indonesia karena banyak dikirim ke Singapura dan merugikan. Kemudian di tahun 2007, dikeluarkan lagi penegasan kebijakan pelarangan ekspor pasir laut. Hingga kemudian di tahun 2023, Indonesia membuka kembali ekspor pasir laut. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif, melalui sumber data primer dan sekunder. Penelitian ini menggunakan konsep Domestic Source of Foreign Economic Policies oleh Michael J. Hiscox, terkait sumber domestik apa saja yang mempengaruhi kebijakan ekonomi luar negeri dikeluarkan. Berdasarkan dari hasil penelitian, dapat ditemukan bahwa alasan Indonesia mengeluarkan kebijakan pembukaan kembali ekspor pasir laut dilandasi oleh adanya preferensi dan pengaruh institusi. Dimana preferensi terdiri dari perdagangan, imigrasi, investasi asing, dan nilai tukar. Sedangkan preferensi terdiri dari pemilihan umum dan representasi, legislatif dan pembuatan kebijakan, serta lembaga birokrasi. Kata kunci: Indonesia, Singapura, Domestic Source of Foreign Economic Policies
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