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Prakoso, Dito
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Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Control & Systems Engineering Electrical & Electronics Engineering Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Mechanical Engineering

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Design of an Ergonomic Prototype for Oil Palm Harvesting and Post-Harvesting Aid to Reduce the Risk of Musculoskeletal Disorders Sukapto, Paulus; Prakoso, Dito; Paruhum, Matthew R; Winata, Sally F
Jurnal Improsci Vol 2 No 6 (2025): Vol 2 No 6 June 2025
Publisher : Ann Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62885/improsci.v2i6.776

Abstract

Background. Oil palm harvesting has many steps until the oil palm fruit can be distributed to the next stage. It began with cutting oil palm fronds using egrek aids, picking up oil palm with a corner tool, and transporting it with angkong aids. Aims. Blind prototype of egrek, tojok, and angkong aids in reducing cases of Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) that occur in workers. Method. The measurement method of MSDs with the Nordic Body Map and Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA). Prototype design with literature study and prototyping practices. Result. Modified Egrek tools, designed by the researcher, can make it easier for harvesters to cut palm fronds. The results of this tool repair are able to reduce the REBA value. The corner aid enables the operator to avoid making sudden movements to withstand the mass load of fresh fruit bunches (FFB), thereby reducing the risk of MSDs interference. Ankle aids reduce the risk of injury to the wrist because they push heavy loads. Conclusion. Prototypes of egrek, tojok, and angkong aids have succeeded in reducing the risk of MSDs in oil palm harvesting.
Implementation of Rapid Whole Body Assessment (REBA) to Reduce Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) to Improve the Post-Harvest Work System of Oil Palm Sukapto, Paulus; Winata, Sally Feodora; Prakoso, Dito
Jurnal Improsci Vol 2 No 6 (2025): Vol 2 No 6 June 2025
Publisher : Ann Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62885/improsci.v2i6.802

Abstract

Background. Oil palm harvesting workers who work unergonomically often experience the risk of Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) when using traditional harvesting tools, namely, egrek and angkong. Egrek is a tool for harvesting palm oil, and angkong is a tool for transporting oil palm from the plantation to a temporary shelter for palm oil. The unergonomic working position of palm oil workers during harvesting, combined with repetitive movements such as cutting leaves and picking palm oil, causes discomfort for the workers. Aims. Researchers designed ergonomic harvesting tools (egrek) and transport tools (angkong) to improve efficiency in oil palm harvesting. Researchers evaluated harvesting and transportation activities using the Nordic Body Map (NBM) questionnaire and the Rapid Whole-Body Assessment (REBA) method. Result. The analysis results showed that nearly all harvesting activities carry a high risk of MSDs. The respondents to this study were nine harvesters and 11 oil palm harvest workers who operated angkong. Conclusion. The results showed that harvesters often experienced discomfort in the buttocks and abnormal posture, and repetitive movements required to cut leaves and oil palm bunches. The results of the REBA calculation for palm harvest showed that it was very high (Very High), with scores of 12 when lifting the angle and 11 when pushing the corner. Therefore, immediate improvement was needed, as this had an impact on the risk of MSDs. Implementation. Also, the results of REBA's calculation for transporting oil palm bunches with angkong were 9. To reduce the REBA value by adding the angkong wheel so that the final REBA value is 7.
Co-Authors Paruhum, Matthew R Paulus Sukapto Winata, Sally F Winata, Sally Feodora