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All Journal Legalite: Jurnal Perundang Undangan dan Hukum Pidana Islam Al-Qadha: Jurnal Hukum Islam dan Perundang-Undangan
Izazi, Muammar
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Religion Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences

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Artificial Intelligence dan Pertanggungjawaban Pidana dalam Perspektif Hukum Islam: Studi atas Konsep Taklif dalam Fiqh Jinayah Izazi, Muammar
Legalite : Jurnal Perundang Undangan dan Hukum Pidana Islam Vol 10 No 1 (2025): Legalite: Jurnal Perundang Undangan dan Hukum Pidana Islam
Publisher : IAIN Langsa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32505/legalite.v10i1.9873

Abstract

This study aims to examine the possibility of criminal liability for Artificial Intelligence (AI) from the perspective of Islamic law through an analysis of the concept of taklif in fiqh jinayah (Islamic criminal jurisprudence). As the use of AI increases across various sectors of life, fundamental questions arise regarding the legal status of AI when it causes harm or engages in criminal acts. In Islamic law, taklif is a fundamental requirement for legal accountability, presupposing intellect, free will, and the ability to distinguish between right and wrong—attributes that AI does not possess. This research employs a qualitative juridical-normative approach using the library research method, analyzing classical primary sources in fiqh jinayah, as well as applying the maqasid al-shariah approach as a normative analytical framework. The findings indicate that although AI does not meet the criteria of a mukallaf, Islamic legal principles such as daman (liability) and al-‘amal bil wasait (liability through intermediaries) provide a basis for attributing legal responsibility to developers, controllers, or users of AI. The maqasid al-shariah approach further strengthens the legitimacy of legal reasoning (ijtihad) concerning non-human entities in order to preserve public interest (maslahah) and prevent harm (mafsadah). This study emphasizes the importance of reconstructing Islamic law to ensure its adaptability in response to the rapid development of digital technologies.
Between Islamic Morality and Legal Certainty: Political Compromise in Regulating Adultery and Non-Marital Cohabitation in Indonesia’s New Criminal Code Maulana, Rizki; Abdul Azis, Fouza Azwir; Izazi, Muammar
Al-Qadha : Jurnal Hukum Islam dan Perundang-Undangan Vol 12 No 2 (2025): Al-Qadha: Jurnal Hukum Islam dan Perundang-Undangan
Publisher : Hukum Keluarga Islam IAIN LANGSA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32505/qadha.v12i2.12719

Abstract

The reformulation of articles concerning adultery and cohabitation in the new Criminal Code (Law No. 1 of 2023) raises fundamental questions regarding how Islamic values can be harmonized with national criminal law without undermining legal certainty and the protection of individual rights. This study aims to analyze the mechanisms for harmonizing Islamic values within the new Criminal Code, particularly in the articles on adultery and cohabitation, as well as to assess the relevance of legal politics in regulating public morality. The study employs a qualitative-descriptive approach with content analysis, relying on primary legal documents and secondary legal literature. The analysis is conducted thematically to evaluate the extent to which the new Criminal Code provides legal certainty, substantive justice, and protection of individual rights. The findings indicate the existence of a political compromise pattern reflected in the adjustment of sanctions, limitations in the scope of law enforcement, and interactions among legislators, law enforcement officers, and religious stakeholders. This study confirms that the new Criminal Code functions as an adaptive and proportional legal instrument, with significant implications for legal politics in Indonesia, particularly in harmonizing public aspirations, constitutional principles, and societal moral norms.
Co-Authors Abdul Azis, Fouza Azwir Rizki Maulana, Rizki