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All Journal El-Mal: Jurnal Kajian Ekonomi & Bisnis Islam Journal of Ekonomics, Finance, and Management Studies
Sherin Alifah
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Religion Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Economics, Econometrics & Finance Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Social Sciences

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Analisis Pengaruh GDP Per Kapita, Financial Development, Energy Use, dan Populasi Usia Produktif Terhadap Emisi CO2 di Indonesia Sherin Alifah; Amin Pujiati
El-Mal: Jurnal Kajian Ekonomi & Bisnis Islam Vol. 6 No. 6 (2025): El-Mal: Jurnal Kajian Ekonomi & Bisnis Islam
Publisher : Intitut Agama Islam Nasional Laa Roiba Bogor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47467/elmal.v6i6.8153

Abstract

Carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions are a form of negative externality from economic activity and development, with serious implications for climate stability. Indonesia ranks 9th as the country with the highest carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions according to the International Energy Agency (IEA) in 2021. Indonesia's total CO₂ emissions in that year will be around 619 Mt CO₂e. The increase in CO₂ emissions in Indonesia is inevitable, as it is influenced by various structural and economic factors. This study aims to identify factors that influence the increase in CO₂ emissions and analyze the long-term influence of the variables GDP per capita, Financial Development Index, Energy Use, and Productive Age Population (15-64 years) on CO₂ emissions in Indonesia. The analysis method used is Fully Modified Ordinary Least Squares (FMOLS). The results showed that all independent variables have a positive and significant effect on CO₂ emissions in the long run. This means that every 1% increase in the independent variables can increase total CO2 emissions in Indonesia. GDP per capita variable can increase by 0.04% CO2 emissions, Energy use contributes 0.68% to CO2 emissions. Productive age population (15-64 years) can affect 0.12%. Meanwhile, Financial Development in scale can have an effect of 0.30% on CO2 emissions. . This finding indicates that CO2 emission reduction policies need to focus on energy use efficiency and sustainable economic growth.
Analisis Pengaruh GDP Per Kapita, Financial Development, Energy Use, dan Populasi Usia Produktif Terhadap Emisi CO2 di Indonesia Sherin Alifah; Amin Pujiati
El-Mal: Jurnal Kajian Ekonomi & Bisnis Islam Vol. 6 No. 6 (2025): El-Mal: Jurnal Kajian Ekonomi & Bisnis Islam
Publisher : Intitut Agama Islam Nasional Laa Roiba Bogor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47467/elmal.v6i6.8153

Abstract

Carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions are a form of negative externality from economic activity and development, with serious implications for climate stability. Indonesia ranks 9th as the country with the highest carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions according to the International Energy Agency (IEA) in 2021. Indonesia's total CO₂ emissions in that year will be around 619 Mt CO₂e. The increase in CO₂ emissions in Indonesia is inevitable, as it is influenced by various structural and economic factors. This study aims to identify factors that influence the increase in CO₂ emissions and analyze the long-term influence of the variables GDP per capita, Financial Development Index, Energy Use, and Productive Age Population (15-64 years) on CO₂ emissions in Indonesia. The analysis method used is Fully Modified Ordinary Least Squares (FMOLS). The results showed that all independent variables have a positive and significant effect on CO₂ emissions in the long run. This means that every 1% increase in the independent variables can increase total CO2 emissions in Indonesia. GDP per capita variable can increase by 0.04% CO2 emissions, Energy use contributes 0.68% to CO2 emissions. Productive age population (15-64 years) can affect 0.12%. Meanwhile, Financial Development in scale can have an effect of 0.30% on CO2 emissions. . This finding indicates that CO2 emission reduction policies need to focus on energy use efficiency and sustainable economic growth.
Co-Authors Amin Pujiati