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One-step Hydrothermal Synthesis of Fe3O4/GO Composites Combined with Persulfate for the Removal of Reactive Black in Aqueous Solution Sun, Zhaonan; Zhao, Wei; Wu, Jiayi; Shi, Ke; Zhang, Lin; Kou, Wei
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2025: BCREC Volume 20 Issue 3 Year 2025 (October 2025)
Publisher : Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.20355

Abstract

An environmentally friendly magnetic Fe3O4/graphene oxide (Fe-GO) composite was synthesized via a hydrothermal method for persulfate (PDS) activation. The composite was systematically characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis. Furthermore, the degradation performance of reactive black 5 (RB5) in the composite/PDS system was investigated under varying conditions, including composite dosage, PDS concentration, initial RB5 concentration, solution pH, and oscillation frequency. The experiments showed that the RB5 removal efficiency could reach 99.2% with good reproducibility under the conditions of 0.8 g/L of composites, 3 mol/L of PDS, 200 r/min of stirring speed, pH = 6, and 25℃ for 180 min. Quenching experiments showed that four active reactive substances, sulfate radicals SO4-·), hydroxyl radicals (·OH), oxygen radicals (O2·−) and single linear oxygen (1O2), existed in the composite/PDS system, of which 1O2 played a crucial role in the degradation of RB5. Cycling tests showed that the Fe-GO composites were stable and had good application prospects. Copyright © 2025 by Authors, Published by BCREC Publishing Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).
The Dark Side of Digital Financial Inclusion: Evidence on Risk-Taking Behavior in Chinese Commercial Banks Chen, Weimin; Liu, Chang; Zhang, Lin
International Journal of Education and Humanities Vol. 6 No. 2 (2026): International Journal of Education and Humanities (IJEH)
Publisher : Ilmu Inovasi Nusantara

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Abstract

The rapid development of digital inclusive finance has brought profound transformations to the financial industry, particularly affecting commercial banks, which are its core institutions. The increasing accessibility and efficiency of digital financial services have significantly pressured traditional banking activities, particularly in deposit mobilization and lending. This disruption has led to a decline in net interest margins, thereby weakening bank profitability. In response, commercial banks may be incentivized to pursue higher-risk investment strategies to preserve their franchise value, thereby increasing their overall risk-taking. Accordingly, this study aims to examine the impact of digital inclusive finance on the risk-taking levels of Chinese commercial banks. This research adopts a quantitative approach, using panel data from Chinese commercial banks over a specified period. The analysis employs regression models to examine the relationship between the development of digital inclusive finance and bank risk-taking, while controlling for relevant variables, including bank size, liquidity, and operational efficiency. The findings indicate that digital inclusive finance has a significant positive effect on commercial banks' risk-taking behavior. The compression of profit margins compels banks to seek alternative sources of income through higher-risk investment instruments. Furthermore, the effect is more pronounced among banks with lower levels of digital adaptation. The implications of this study highlight the necessity for well-structured digital transformation strategies and strengthened financial regulation. Commercial banks are encouraged to pursue sustainable innovation while adhering to prudential principles, and regulators are urged to design adaptive policies to ensure financial stability and an effective risk prevention and control system