<![CDATA[Permasalahan status hukum perkawinan sesama jenis dan transgender di Indonesia menjadi relevan di tengah meningkatnya tuntutan pemenuhan hak asasi manusia, yang sering kali berbenturan dengan nilai agama dan budaya. Artikel ini bertujuan menganalisis posisi hukum perkawinan sesama jenis dan transgender dalam sistem hukum Indonesia serta perspektif hukum Islam, sekaligus menyoroti tantangan sosial yang menyertainya. Penelitian dilakukan dengan pendekatan normatif melalui studi pustaka terhadap regulasi, yurisprudensi, dan literatur akademik. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 1974 junto Undang-Undang Nomor 16 Tahun 2019 secara tegas hanya mengakui perkawinan heteroseksual antara laki-laki dan perempuan, sehingga tidak memberikan legitimasi terhadap perkawinan sesama jenis, termasuk jika salah satu pihak telah berganti status jenis kelamin melalui penetapan pengadilan. Perspektif hukum Islam juga menegaskan keabsahan perkawinan hanya bagi pasangan berlainan jenis kelamin, dengan mempertahankan prinsip-prinsip syariat yang telah mapan. Di samping itu, proses perubahan status hukum bagi transgender masih menghadapi kendala administratif, regulasi teknis yang belum memadai, serta stigma sosial, sehingga perlindungan hak-hak keperdataan mereka belum optimal. Artikel ini berkontribusi dalam memperkaya wacana akademik mengenai perlindungan hukum keluarga di Indonesia dengan menekankan perlunya harmonisasi antara prinsip non-diskriminasi dan penghormatan terhadap nilai budaya serta agama sebagai landasan hukum nasional. The issue of the legal status of same-sex marriage and transgender in Indonesia has become relevant amidst the increasing demands for the fulfillment of human rights, which often clash with religious and cultural values. This article aims to analyze the legal position of same-sex marriage and transgender in the Indonesian legal system as well as the perspective of Islamic law, while highlighting the social challenges that accompany it. The research is conducted using a normative approach through a literature study of regulations, jurisprudence, and academic literature. The results show that Law Number 1 of 1974 as well as Law Number 16 of 2019 explicitly recognizes only heterosexual marriages between men and women, so it does not provide legitimacy for same-sex marriages, including if one of the parties has changed gender status through a court order. The Islamic legal perspective also affirms the validity of marriage only for opposite-sex couples, maintaining the established principles of sharia. In addition, the process of changing legal status for transgender people still faces administrative obstacles, inadequate technical regulations, and social stigma, so that the protection of their civil rights is not optimal. This article contributes to enriching the academic discourse on family law protection in Indonesia by emphasizing the need for harmonization between the principle of non-discrimination and respect for cultural and religious values as the foundation of national law. ]]>
