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All Journal Journal of Social Development Studies Journal of Indonesian Economy and Business Economics Development Analysis Journal
I Dewa Gede Karma Wisana
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Humanities Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Social Sciences

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The Non-Linear Relationship Between Land Ownership and Child Labor Faiz Abdullah Wafi; I Dewa Gede Karma Wisana
Economics Development Analysis Journal Vol. 14 No. 1 (2025): Economics Development Analysis Journal
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/edaj.v14i1.21758

Abstract

This study examines the relationship between household land ownership and the number of hours children spend working. This assumption is based on previous research suggesting that children from households with large landholdings are more likely to be engaged in child labor than those from land-poor households. This phenomenon arises from the fact that land is a crucial asset for agricultural households, often requiring family members, including children, to participate in farm-related activities. This study employs a random effects method using panel data from the Indonesia Family Life Survey (IFLS) for the years 2000, 2007, and 2014. The findings reveal a distinct pattern, particularly in the Indonesian context, where land size exhibits a non-linear relationship with children's working hours. As land ownership increases, children's working hours tend to decrease; however, beyond a certain threshold, children's working hours begin to rise with increasing land size. Heterogeneity analysis further indicates that non-food farmland has a greater impact on the increase in children's working hours. This may be due to the higher demand for additional labor in larger-scale agricultural production, which often relies on family members for support.
The Impact of External Capital on the Performance of Agricultural Cooperatives in Indonesia Sunarwibowo, Rizki Pratomo; Mohamad Ikhsan; Benedictus Raksaka Mahi; I Dewa Gede Karma Wisana
Journal of Indonesian Economy and Business Vol 40 No 3 (2025): September
Publisher : Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jieb.v40i3.10163

Abstract

Introduction/Main Objectives: Sufficient capital remains a notable challenge across various business models. This study investigates the influence of capital, mainly external capital, on cooperative productivity. Background Problems: Cooperatives are viewed as a potential avenue for supporting the public economy and establishing a fundamental pillar within a robust economic structure. However, in Indonesia, cooperatives have not fully realized these envisioned prospects. The issue of access to capital is believed to have an impact on the productivity of cooperatives. Novelty: Limited research has delved into the impact of capital on cooperative productivity. Our study utilized cooperative firm-level data, while the majority of prior studies have relied on less-detailed aggregate data. Research Methods: We employed recent data on agricultural cooperatives in Indonesia, covering 3,315 units. The endogenous switching regression method was applied to estimate the impact of external capital on cooperative productivity and draw comparisons between cooperatives that embraced external capital and those that did not. Finding/Results: The results indicated that cooperatives utilizing external capital exhibited a 2.8% higher level of productivity than those that did not. Additionally, we explored the impact of external capital based on cooperative size. The results revealed that large-category cooperatives experienced a 10% increase in productivity, medium-category cooperatives a 5.6% increase, small-category cooperatives a 0.8% increase, and micro-category cooperatives a 0.1% increase. Conclusion: These findings underscore the substantial influence of capital factors, mainly external capital, on cooperative productivity. The government needs to enact legislation to better regulate and support access to capital.
Crowding In dan Crowding Out Dampak Keragaman Penerimaan Bantuan Sosial (BPNT, BST dan BLTDD ) terhadap Pengeluaran Rumah Tangga di Tengah Pandemi Covid-19 Dalias; I Dewa Gede Karma Wisana
Journal of Social Development Studies Vol 4 No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Department of Social Development and Welfare, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jsds.6642

Abstract

Beragam bantuan sosial yang didistribusikan oleh pemerintah pada masa pandemi covid-19 menjadi bagian komponen pendapatan rumah tangga yang kemudian dialokasikan untuk pengeluaran konsumsi, bantuan sosial yang didistribusikan oleh pemerintah kepada rumah tangga di Indonesia di antaranya adalah Bantuan Pangan Non Tunai (BPNT), Bantuan Sosial Tunai (BST), dan Bantuan Langsung Tunai Dana Desa (BLTDD). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis efek crowding in dan crowding out dari keragaman bantuan sosial BPNT,BST, dan BLTDD yang diterima 63.924 rumah tangga di Indonesia pada saat krisis ekonomi terhadap pengeluaran untuk makanan dan bukan makanan. Dengan menggunakan data sekunder dari Survei Sosial Ekonomi Nasional 2020 pada modul ketahanan sosial (Hansos) dan Susenas KOR, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan model Seemingly Unrelated Regression (SUR), penelitian ini menemukan bahwa BPNT, BST dan BLTDD signifikan mempengaruhi pengeluaran rumah tangga. Jika pengaruh bantuan sosial BPNT, BST, dan BLTDD positif (Crowding in) untuk belanja makanan maka dalam penelitian ini menemukan hubungan yang negatif (Crowding out) untuk pengeluaran bukan makanan. Namun ketika bantuan sosial disimulasikan dalam bentuk uang tunai maka konsumsi rumah tangga cenderung negatif untuk makanan (Crowding out) dan positif (Crowding in) untuk konsumsi konsumsi bukan makanan. Kata kunci: Bantuan sosial, BPNT, BST,BLTDD;Covid-19. Abstract The Covid-19 pandemic has resulted in a significant increase in social assistance distributed by the government, which has become a crucial component of household income. This has enabled households to allocate a greater proportion of income to consumption expenditure. This study aims to analyze the effects of crowding in and out of the various social assistance BPNT, BST, and BLTDD received by 63,924 households in Indonesia during the economic crisis on food and non-food expenditures. Using secondary data from the 2020 National Socioeconomic Survey on the social security module (Hansos) and Susenas KOR, then analyzed using the Seemingly Unrelated Regression (SUR) model, this study found that BPNT, BST, and BLTDD significantly affect household spending. This study finds that while the influence of BPNT, BST, and BLTDD social assistance may be positive towards food spending (crowding in), it has a negative relationship towards non-food expenditure (crowding out). However, when social service simulates as cash, household consumption tends to be harmful to food (crowding out) and positive (crowding in) for non-food consumption. Key words: Social Assiatance; BPNT; BST; BLTDD; Covid-19.
Co-Authors Dalias Faiz Abdullah Wafi Mahi, Benedictus Raksaka Mohamad Ikhsan Sunarwibowo, Rizki Pratomo