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Leveraging Machine Learning for Early Risk Prediction in Cirrhosis Outcome Patients Shakir, Yasir Hussein; Mandhari, Eshaq Aziz Awadh AL; Alkhazraji, Ali
Public Research Journal of Engineering, Data Technology and Computer Science Vol. 3 No. 1: PREDATECS July 2025
Publisher : Institute of Research and Publication Indonesia (IRPI).

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.57152/predatecs.v3i1.2015

Abstract

Millions of individuals worldwide suffer from liver cirrhosis, which is one of the primary causes of mortality. Healthcare professionals may have more opportunities to treat cirrhosis patients effectively if early death prediction is made and it is postulated that death in this cohort would be correlated with laboratory test findings and other relevant diagnoses. In this study five machine learning models, including LR, SVM, XGBoost, AdaBoost and KNN, are implemented and evaluated. The preprocessing steps included feature selection, categorical data encoding, and data balancing using SVMSMOTE. The XGBoost model demonstrated superior performance, achieving 89.55% accuracy, 89.69% precision, 89.55% recall, and an F1-score of 89.59% after balancing. These findings highlight the potential of machine learning models in accurate risk detection in patients with cirrhosis and providing valuable support in clinical decision-making and improving patient treatment.
Hybrid DL and ML approach for MRI-based classification of bone marrow changes in lumbar vertebrae Shakir, Yasir Hussein; Kiong, Tiong Sieh; Chen, Chai Phing; Kumar, Sachin Sharma Ashok
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 14, No 5: October 2025
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/eei.v14i5.10617

Abstract

Alterations in the bone marrow changes lumbar vertebrae (BMCLVB) are considered important markers of chronic low back pain severity, particularly among patients with coexisting conditions like osteoporosis or cancer. Realizing these associations informs healthcare and insurance frameworks but also supports early intrusion planning for high-risk populations. This study aims to classification (BMCLVB) as normal or abnormal used magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with machine learning (ML) model. A novel dataset comprising 1,018 BMCLVB MRI images was utilized to extract deep features via a pre-trained ConvNeXt-XLarge model. These features were then classified using different types in individual and ensemble ML algorithms. To ensure a comprehensive performance evaluation, all models were tested using accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score. The combination of ConvNeXt-XLarge and logistic regression (LR) achieved a classification accuracy 93.14%, precision 93.22%, recall 94.83%, and F1-score 94.02%. These results highlight that the proposed model provides a fast and cost-efficient solution supporting the diagnosis of BMCLVB and potential to significantly improve clinical decision-making and patient care outcomes.
Enhancing credit card fraud detection with synthetic minority over-sampling technique-integrated extreme learning machine Ajlan, Iman Kadhim; Mahdi, Mohammed Ibrahim; Murad, Hayder; AL-Dhief, Fahad Taha; Safie, Nurhizam; Shakir, Yasir Hussein; Abbas, Ali Hashim
IAES International Journal of Artificial Intelligence (IJ-AI) Vol 14, No 6: December 2025
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijai.v14.i6.pp4749-4762

Abstract

Many works in cybersecurity detection suffer from low accuracy rates, particularly in real-world applications, where imbalanced datasets and evolving fraud strategies pose significant hurdles. This study introduces an optimized extreme learning machine (ELM) algorithm to address these challenges by dynamically adjusting hidden nodes ranging from 10 to 100 with an increment step of 10 and integrating two activation functions. The proposed method utilizes the synthetic minority over-sampling technique (SMOTE) to handle class imbalance effectively and incorporates a comprehensive evaluation using descriptive statistics, visualization, and significance testing. The proposed ELM-SMOTE method achieves the highest results including an accuracy of 99.710%, recall of 85.811%, specificity of 99.743%, and G-mean of 92.068%. These outcomes reflect the robustness and adaptability of the proposed ELM algorithm in detecting fraudulent transactions. This study emphasizes the importance of a holistic performance analysis, addressing gaps in existing methods and providing a scalable framework for real-world fraud detection applications.