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All Journal Healthy Tadulako Journal (Jurnal Kesehatan Tadulako) Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences.
Nurhafidah, Zahra
Unknown Affiliation
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Dentistry Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Materials Science & Nanotechnology Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health

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Analysis of the Side Effects of Long-Term Proton Pump Inhibitor (PPI) Use in Patients with Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) Nurhafidah, Zahra; Hilmi, Indah Laily; Sudarjat, Hadi
Healthy Tadulako Journal (Jurnal Kesehatan Tadulako) Vol. 11 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Tadulako

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22487/htj.v11i2.1628

Abstract

Background: Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs) are widely prescribed to manage gastrointestinal disorders, especially gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). However, long-term PPI use has been linked to serious side effects and potential complications. Objective: This study aims to analyze the side effects associated with prolonged PPI use in patients with GERD. Methods: A systematic review was conducted using Google Scholar and PubMed databases with relevant keywords. Article selection was carried out carefully based on inclusion and exclusion criteria to ensure the quality and relevance of the data. Additionally, a bibliometric analysis was performed to explore research trends related to the long-term use of PPIs. Results: The review found that prolonged PPI use is associated with various adverse effects, including an increased risk of dementia, progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD), gastric cancer, bone fractures, Frailty Syndrome, hypomagnesemia, iron deficiency, vitamin B12 deficiency, myocardial infarction, and esophageal cancer. The bibliometric analysis also indicated a growing trend of research focusing on the safety and complications of long-term PPI use. Conclusion: Long-term PPI therapy carries significant risks. Therefore, regular monitoring and appropriate discontinuation strategies are essential when using PPIs over extended periods to minimize potential harm.
Interaksi Warfarin dan Aspirin terhadap Risiko Perdarahan pada Pasien Penderita Penyakit Kardiovaskular Subekti, Firli Reisya; Nurhafidah, Zahra; Saputri, Jasmine Rahma; Adhwa'a Kaylla; Shadrina, Jahra Almas; Maharani, Puteri Rahma; Putri, Mukarromah Dita; Sudarjat, Hadi; Hilmi, Indah Laily
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences JPS Volume 9 Nomor 1 (2026)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Tjut Nyak Dhien

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36490/journal-jps.com.v9i1.1196

Abstract

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains a leading cause of global morbidity and mortality; therefore, antithrombotic therapy such as warfarin and aspirin plays a crucial role in preventing thromboembolic events. The combination of these two agents provides a synergistic effect in inhibiting thrombus formation but significantly increases the risk of bleeding. Objective: To evaluate the impact of concominant ose of warfarin and aspirin on bleeding risk and its clinical benefits in patients with CVD. Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted using Google Scholar and Pubmed, with eligible studies analyzed. Result: The concomitant use of warfarin and aspirin increases the incidence of major bleeding without providing additional benefits in preventing stroke or myocardial infarction. Moreover, poor anticoagulation control further exacerbates this risk. Conclusion: The combination of warfarin and aspirin should be reserved only for patients with strong clinical indications, while warfarin monotherapy is safer for those with stable conditions. These findings emphasize the importance of individualized therapy evaluation and optimal INR monitoring to balance therapeutic benefits and bleeding risks.
Co-Authors Adhwa'a Kaylla Indah Laily Hilmi Maharani, Puteri Rahma Putri, Mukarromah Dita Saputri, Jasmine Rahma Shadrina, Jahra Almas Subekti, Firli Reisya Sudarjat, Hadi