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All Journal Journal of Tropical Crop Science International Journal on Food, Agriculture and Natural Resources (IJFANRES)
Sisay, Kassa
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry

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Diagnostic Trials on Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) for Developing Site-specific Nutrient Management Practices in the Lowlands of Eastern Amhara, Ethiopia Teshome, Habtemariam; Adissie, Samuel; Sisay, Kassa; Hailu, Tadesse
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 12 No. 02 (2025): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.12.02.408-416

Abstract

Soil fertility heterogeneity significantly influences crop productivity and the effectiveness of nutrient management strategies. In Ethiopia, various types and sources of inorganic fertilizers are distributed to enhance crop production. Therefore, selecting appropriate fertilizers based on specific soil nutrient deficiencies is essential. A field experiment was conducted in Kobo using sorghum as the test crop to identify yield-limiting nutrients through crop response. The experiment employed a randomized complete block design with farmers’ fields serving as replications. Biological yield data were collected and analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA). When significant differences among treatments were detected, means were separated using the LSD test at P ≤ 0.05. Results showed that omitting nutrients from inorganic fertilizers, either individually or in combination, significantly reduced grain yield. The highest grain yield was achieved with the combined application of NPS (nitrogen, phosphorus, sulphur) fertilizer and farmyard manure (FYM). In contrast, the lowest yield occurred in the control treatment, where all nutrients were omitted. Biomass yield did not differ significantly between treatments across both years. The study indicates that applying farmyard manure in combination with inorganic fertilizers, such as NPS, NPSK (NPS + potassium), and NPSKZn (NPSK + Zinc), effectively meets the nutrient requirements of sorghum. Grain yield under nutrient omission treatments ranked as follows: NPS + FYM > NPS > NPSK > NPSKZn > NP > NS > PS > N > S > P. Among the nutrients tested, farmyard manure had the greatest impact on yield, followed by nitrogen, sulphur, and phosphorus fertilizers.
Enhancing Yield and Yield Components of Food Barley (Hordeum Vulgare L.) Through Optimum Nitrogen and Phosphorus Levels in Eastern Amhara, Ethiopia Sisay, Kassa; Adissie, Samuel; Teshome, Habtemariam; Degu, Adise
International Journal on Food, Agriculture and Natural Resources Vol 6, No 2 (2025): IJ-FANRES
Publisher : Food, Agriculture and Natural Resources - NETWORKS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46676/ij-fanres.v%vi%i.487

Abstract

fertility management plays a crucial role in optimizing crop productivity by ensuring an adequate supply of essential nutrients. The appropriate application of plant nutrients requires an understanding of both crop nutrient requirements and soil nutrient supply capacity. This study was conducted during the main cropping seasons of 2019 and 2020 to determine the economically optimum nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer rates for enhancing food barley production. A factorial experiment was designed using three nitrogen rates (46, 69, and 92 kg N ha⁻¹) and three phosphorus rates (46, 69, and 92 kg P₂O₅ ha⁻¹) in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Before planting the soil samples were collected to know the fertility status of the experimental sites. Data on plant height, biomass yield, and adjusted grain yield were collected and all the collected data were subjected to Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) at the 0.05 significance level using SAS software (version 9.0). Means were separated by the Duncan multiple range test. The results showed that nitrogen and phosphorus fertilization significantly increased both grain and biomass yields of food barley. Yield and yield-related parameters improved with increasing nitrogen and phosphorus rates. The highest above-ground biomass yield (5,466.2 kg ha⁻¹) and maximum grain yield (2,884.6 kg ha⁻¹) were achieved with the application of 92 kg N ha⁻¹ and 92 kg P₂O₅ ha⁻¹, significantly outperforming all other treatments. However, the most economically viable treatment was 92 kg N ha⁻¹ combined with 69 kg P₂O₅ ha⁻¹, which resulted in the highest net benefit (53,592.3 ETB) and a marginal rate of return of 1,597.1%. Therefore, the application of 92 kg N ha⁻¹ and 69 kg P₂O₅ ha⁻¹ is recommended for food barley production in the study area and similar agro-ecological zones, and Future research should be conducted site-specific nutrient recommendations while assessing the sustainability and environmental impacts of high fertilizer applications.
Optimizing Irrigation Water and Nutrient Management Strategies for Maize Production through a Participatory Approach on the Selected Irrigation Schemes of Eastern Amhara, Ethiopia Abate, Sisay Dessale; Mihret, Tewabe; Tilahun, Gebeyaw; Sisay, Kassa; Biyazen, Brihanu; Feyisa, Tesfaye; Yitayew, Asresu; Fenta, Tigabu; Abere, Eyeberu; Getnet, Abera; Adisie, Samuel; Rooyen, Andre Van
International Journal on Food, Agriculture and Natural Resources Vol 6, No 3 (2025): IJ-FANRES
Publisher : Food, Agriculture and Natural Resources - NETWORKS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46676/ij-fanres.v6i3.505

Abstract

In the semi-arid regions of Eastern Amhara, inadequate and unevenly distributed rainfall negatively affects rainfed agriculture, particularly maize production. To address this, a pre-scale-up study was conducted to evaluate improved irrigation technologies using the Farmer Research Extension Group (FREG) approach. Two irrigation practices traditional and improved were compared at Golina1 and Sedeni sites. The improved practice included the use of the Melkassa-6Q maize variety, row planting (75 cm × 30 cm), furrow irrigation (with specific dimensions and gradient), a seed rate of 25 kg ha⁻¹, and recommended fertilizers (200 kg ha⁻¹ Urea and 50 kg ha⁻¹ NPS). In contrast, the traditional practice involved local varieties, broadcast sowing (40 kg ha⁻¹), traditional flooding at 12-day intervals, and lower fertilizer rates (50 kg ha⁻¹ Urea and NPS). The improved practice significantly outperformed the traditional method, achieving higher green cob yields (38,125 ha⁻¹ at Golina1 and 34,330 ha⁻¹ at Sedeni), better water productivity (17 and 16 cobs m⁻³), and greater net benefits (222,575 ETB ha⁻¹ and 174,487 ETB ha⁻¹, respectively). This represented yield increases of 29.9% and 30.2%, and net benefit improvements of 79.63% and 86.84% over traditional practices. Additionally, improved irrigation reduced seasonal water demand by 72.4 mm and 131.6 mm, indicating substantial water savings.Overall, the study demonstrated that improved irrigation and agronomic practices significantly enhance maize yield, water use efficiency, and profitability, and were positively received by participating farmers.
Response of Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) to Applied Phosphorous Fertilizer in the Lowland Area of Eastern Amhara Abushe, Habtemariam Teshome; Sisay, Kassa; Degu, Adise; Wubu, Tesfaye; Hailu, Tadesse
International Journal on Food, Agriculture and Natural Resources Vol 6, No 2 (2025): IJ-FANRES
Publisher : Food, Agriculture and Natural Resources - NETWORKS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46676/ij-fanres.v6i2.491

Abstract

Chemical fertilizers in Ethiopia have made a contribution to crop yield growth to date, although there is potential for further improvement. Phosphorus (P) is an element a primary constituent of plant and animal life. This study was conducted in East Amhara National Regional State of Raya-Kobo and Dawa-Cheffa districts in the 2018 cropping season to verify crop responses to phosphorous fertilizer. The test crop was sorghum (var. Girana one) for both districts. The treatments were: Control, Recommended NP, 50 Kg ha-1NPS, 100 Kg ha-1NPS and 150 kg ha-1 NPS with uniform rate of nitrogen. The design was randomized complete design and treatments were replicated three times per site. Recommended nitrogen was used uniformly for all treatments. The collected data were subjected to analysis of variance using SAS version 9.0. The Result showed that there was no statistical significance yield difference (p > 0.05) between different rates P fertilizer. Therefore, applying high amount of phosphorous fertilizers for the study districts for the test crops not advisable. But for the maintenance soil phosphorus, 10 Kg ha-1 P is enough.
Unlocking Tef Potential: Assessing Yield-Limiting Nutrients Based on Topographic Position in Tehulederie District, Eastern Ethiopia. Gedamu, Samuel Adissie; Sisay, Kassa; Degu, Adise; Dessale, Sisay
International Journal on Food, Agriculture and Natural Resources Vol 6, No 2 (2025): IJ-FANRES
Publisher : Food, Agriculture and Natural Resources - NETWORKS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46676/ij-fanres.v6i2.492

Abstract

Nutrient status of soils in Ethiopia varies among different landscapes, but fertilizer recommendations are broad and mostly N and P based. Fine-tuning fertilizer recommendations and crop yield variability within and between landscapes attracted research attention in Ethiopia and across the globe. A field study was conducted in 2021 in the Tehuledere district of the South Wollo Zone of the Amhara Region to identify major yield-limiting nutrients for tef across three different landscape positions in a catena slope of 0-5%, 5-15%, and >15%. Fertilizer rates of 80, 57,7,30,1 and 0.3 Kg/ha of N, P2O5, S, K20, Zn, and B respectively were evaluated. The randomized complete block design was used. Dunckun's multiple range tests was employed for comparison of treatment means for those which were statistically significant. Analysis indicated that micronutrients (Zn, B), potassium (K), and sulfur (S) did not significantly influence the yield, whereas N and P were critical limiting factors for yield. N and P exclusion led to significant yield losses, and their doubling of application to 150% of recommended rates highly enhanced tef grain yields across all slopes. This indicates the need for better management of N and P in tef production, while current emphasis on secondary and micronutrients may be unnecessary in the study region. Other research should be conducted to determine specific rates of N and P application at the study area and other similar agroecologies, further focusing on potential micronutrient deficiencies on hill slopes.
Teff and Wheat Yield Variation With Phosphorus Application In Jamma District, Ethiopia Teshome, Habtemariam; Sisay, Kassa; Degu, Adise; Wubu, Tesfaye; Hailu, Tadesse
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 10 No. 02 (2023): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.10.02.94-100

Abstract

Different plant species has different nutrient requirements and utilize nutrients in different ways. Biological activity contributes to P solubilization through mineralization, wheathering, and other physicochemical reactions so that the soil plow layer is the major source of soil availabile P for crops. Ethiopia Ministry of Agriculture and Natural Resource and ATA recommended six types of blended fertilizers (NPSZnB, NPKSB, NPKSZnB, NPSZn, NPSB and NPS) for the Amhara region. Our study was conducted in Jamma districts of eastern Amhara, Ethiopia, during 2018 cropping season to attest the yield of teff (Dega teff) and wheat (Danda’a) due to phosphorus fertilizer application. Fertilizer treatments tested were the recommended dose of N only, recommended dose of NP, 50 kg.ha-1 NPS, 100 kg.ha-1 NPS, and 150kg. ha-1 NPS, set up in a. randomized complete block design with three replication, and conducted on four sites. Our study demonstrated that applications of N and P fertilizers significantly improved grain yield of wheat and teff, and that there was significant yield differences (P < 0.05) between different rates of P fertilizer. Therefore, even though the soil P levels were shown to be sufficient, application of both N and P fertilizer in the Jamma district is essential to increase yield of teff and wheat.
Co-Authors Abate, Sisay Dessale Abere, Eyeberu Abushe, Habtemariam Teshome Adisie, Samuel Adissie, Samuel Biyazen, Brihanu Degu, Adise Dessale, Sisay Fenta, Tigabu Feyisa, Tesfaye Gedamu, Samuel Adissie Getnet, Abera Hailu, Tadesse Mihret, Tewabe Rooyen, Andre Van Teshome, Habtemariam Tilahun, Gebeyaw Wubu, Tesfaye Yitayew, Asresu