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All Journal Chimica et Natura Acta FLUIDA JURNAL CRANKSHAFT Jurnal Teknologi Journal of Green Science and Technology
Rinaldi, Kardian
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Control & Systems Engineering Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering Environmental Science Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mechanical Engineering Transportation

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EM4 Effect on Macronutrients and Microbial Growth in Liquid Organic Fertilizer from Cibogo Market Waste Widyabudiningsih, Dewi; Rinaldi, Kardian; Firdaus, Fachrel Muhammad; Fauzi, Rafli Rizki; Hulupi, Mentik
Fluida Vol. 18 No. 1 (2025): FLUIDA
Publisher : Department of Chemical Engineering, Politeknik Negeri Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35313/fluida.v18i1.6050

Abstract

Waste represents a major environmental concern due to its contribution to pollution. According to the Ministry of Environment and Forestry, organic waste comprised 51.63% of total waste in Indonesia. This highlights the potential for converting organic waste into liquid organic fertilizer (LOF) through anaerobic fermentation. This study aimed to determine the relationship between macronutrient content and microbial growth in LOF and to determine the optimum fermentation time for producing LOF. LOF was made using organic waste from Cibogo market, including green vegetable waste and fruit peels banana, mango, and pineapple). The research was conducted using reactor which contained 5 kg of green vegetable waste and 5 kg of fruit peels, supplemented with EM4 bioactivator (200, 250, and 300 mL), water, and brown sugar. Samples were analyzed on days 0, 7, 14, 21, and 28. Chemical parameters measured included nitrogen, phosphorus, C-organic, and potassium content, and microbial analysis was conducted to determine the role of microorganisms in the fermentation process. Results showed that the optimal fermentation time for LOF production was seven days, corresponding to the peak concentrations of NPK and C-organic. However, further optimization of EM4 volume and the ratio between waste and bioactivator is required, since the nutrient levels remain below the recommended standard. Moreover, the correlation between microbial population and nutrient availability requires further research, particularly with respect to the quantity of EM4 applied.
Penentuan Kurva Pertumbuhan Lactococcus lactis dan Evaluasi Potensi Supernatan Bebas Sel sebagai Agen Antibakteri terhadap Escherichia coli Krista, Gustin Mustika; Rinaldi, Kardian; Rahma, Andien Tiara; Maswanti, Azzahra Junisa
Jurnal Teknologi Vol 25, No 2 (2025): Agustus 2025
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Lhokseumawe

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30811/teknologi.v25i2.7504

Abstract

The increasing resistance of pathogenic bacteria to synthetic antibiotics has driven the search for safer and more sustainable natural antimicrobial agents. Lactic acid bacteria, particularly Lactococcus lactis, are known to produce bioactive compounds such as bacteriocins that can inhibit the growth of pathogenic microorganisms. This study aimed to evaluate the growth profile of L. lactis, its antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, and to identify functional groups of active compounds using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Antibacterial activity was assessed using the disk diffusion method on MHA plates inoculated with standardized E. coli suspensions. The growth curve analysis showed that L. lactis entered the lag phase between 0–9 hours, the logarithmic phase from 10–17 hours, and the stationary phase from 18–40 hours. The highest antibacterial activity was observed at 23 hours of incubation, with an inhibition zone diameter of 20 mm against E. coli. FTIR analysis of the cell-free supernatant revealed the presence of O–H, C–H, amide I, COO⁻, and C–O functional groups, suggesting the presence of bioactive compounds such as bacteriocins (e.g., nisin), lactic acid, and carbohydrate residues from the fermentation medium. These findings highlight the potential of L. lactis as a natural antimicrobial agent and support its further application in functional food development and biopharmaceutical formulations.
Studi Pengaruh Volume Tungsten terhadap Optimalisasi Biaya Proses Carbon Analyzer di PT.XYZ Setiawan, Dibyo; Handy, Rayhan Aliva Vitra; Wibowo, Cahyo; Wiyono, Apri; Putra, Fisika Prasetyo; Rinaldi, Kardian
JURNAL CRANKSHAFT Vol 6, No 3 (2023): Jurnal Crankshaft Vol.6 No.3 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Muria Kudus

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24176/crankshaft.v6i3.11398

Abstract

PT XYZ merupakan suatu perusahaan joint venture, terdapat 2 (dua) macam proses produksi, yaitu Proses Casting dan Proses Machining, dalam proses produksi Casting, tersedia produk FC (Ferro Casting), FCD (Ferro Casting Ductile) dan dapat juga melaksanakan proses Machining, Assembling serta Metal Forming. Penghargaan yang telah diperoleh Cost Reduction Program, Good Delivery Perfomance, Good Cost Perfomance, dan Kategori Proses. Salah satu fokus terkait Cost Reduction Program bertujuan optimalisasi konsumsi dan biaya penggunaan tungsten, serta biaya tenaga kerja. Kegiatan merupakan kontribusi akademisi memberikan rekomendasi bagi PT.XYZ dalam rangka menyelesaikan masalah di Industri. Metode yang digunakan dalam pelaksanaan kegiatan optimalisasi proses carbon analyzer di PT.XYZ menggunakan pendekatan eksperimental dengan pemberlakuan volume tungsten pada setiap tahap eksperimen. Tahapan meliputi penyiapan alat, peralatan dan sampel, proses penimbangan dan pencampuran, proses treatment carbon analyzer, analisis hasil eksperimen dan kalkulasi reduksi biaya dan menyusun kesimpulan. Eksperimen yang diterapkan diantaranya volume 0, 0.75, 1.5 dan 1.8 Gram pada Treatmen Carbon Analyzer.  Hasil kegiatan diperoleh bahwa semakin banyak penggunaan volume tungsten pada proses carbon analyzer, dapat mengurangi waktu pengerjaan yang dibutuhkan oleh mesin carbon analyzer sebanyak 3 (tiga) detik. Penggunaan tungsten 0,75gram (½ dari standard) lebih efektif mampu menghemat biaya penggunaan tungsten (Cost Reduction). Selanjutnya terkait dengan penghematan, dengan menggunakan penerapan tungsten 0,75gram dapat menghemat biaya sebesar Rp 14.149.779/bulan dan penghematan biaya tenaga kerja sebesar 250.000/bulan.
The Role of Glu/Gly/Zif-8 Edible Film in Improving the Superior Rheological and Water Vapor Barrier Properties and Antibacterial Activity for Active Food Packaging Djenar, Nancy Siti; Rinaldi, Kardian; Rahma, Dina Nur; Kustiana, Dina
Chimica et Natura Acta Vol 14, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Departemen Kimia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/cna.v14.n1.66715

Abstract

The low barrier to water vapor and gas is a critical limitation of glycerol-plasticized gluten-based edible films (GBEF) for food packaging applications. In this study, gluten (Glu) and glycerol (Gly) were cross-linked with 0.25–1.00% (w/v) zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) to improve interfacial compatibility and enhance the structural integrity of the film matrix. The formation of hydrogen bonds and electrostatic interactions between ZIF-8 and the Glu/Gly matrix strengthened the chemical network, resulting in increased tensile strength (TS). The water vapor transmission rate (WVTR) of Glu/Gly/ZIF-8 edible films (Glu/Gly/ZIF-8 EF) ranged from 1.085 to 1.453 g/m²/24 h, indicating significantly improved barrier properties. Mechanical testing showed TS and elongation at break (EAB) values of 32.18–60.58 MPa and 211.86–382.83%, respectively, meeting Japanese Industrial Standards for edible films (TS > 0.3 MPa, EAB > 70%, WVTR < 10 g/m²/24 h, thickness < 0.25 mm). Glu/Gly/ZIF-8 EF also demonstrated strong antibacterial activity, with inhibition zones of 25–26 mm for Gram-negative Escherichia coli and 25–34 mm for Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus. These findings demonstrate that ZIF-8 effectively enhances both the mechanical and functional performance of gluten/glycerol films, providing a promising strategy to expand their application as bioactive packaging materials in the food industry.
Enhancement Of Salt Quality with Recrystallization Method from Crude Salt Raw Material on a Laboratory Scale Suryadi, Joko; Witcaksono, Saifa Haikal; Salsabila, Putri Widad; Andrijanto, Eko; Ferawati, Yohana Fransiska; Jayanti, Retno Dwi; Rinaldi, Kardian; Haryadi, Haryadi
Journal of Green Science and Technology Vol 9 No 3 (2025): Journal of Green Science and Technology Vol. 9 No. 3 December 2025 Special Editio
Publisher : Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Swadaya Gunung Jati

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33603/jgst.v9i3.10609

Abstract

Indonesia has significant maritime potential, particularly in salt production. However, national salt production has not yet met domestic demand, especially for industrial-grade salt, which requires a minimum NaCl content of 97%. Crude salt produced using traditional methods often contains only 88-94% NaCl and includes impurities such as Ca, Mg, and sulfate. This research aims to produce recrystallized salt that meets industrial standards and to determine the optimal conditions in a laboratory-scale simulator. The experimental method was conducted by simulating evaporation on a recrystallization table. Salt solutions were prepared from crude salt with varied concentrations of 22%, 25%, and 30%. The observed parameters included solution density, evaporation rate, and the content of NaCl, total hardness, and sulfate in the salt product. The results showed that recrystallization significantly increased the NaCl content and reduced impurities. Optimal conditions were achieved with a 22% salt solution, where crystal formation produced recrystallized salt with an NaCl content of 99.33%, total hardness of 0.47%, and sulfate content of 8.56 ppm. This quality has the potential to meet industrial salt standards. This study can serve as a reference for industrial salt production on a larger scale.
Co-Authors Andrijanto, Eko Apri Wiyono Cahyo Wibowo Fauzi, Rafli Rizki Ferawati, Yohana Fransiska Firdaus, Fachrel Muhammad Handy, Rayhan Aliva Vitra Haryadi - Jayanti, Retno Dwi Krista, Gustin Mustika Kustiana, Dina Maswanti, Azzahra Junisa Mentik Hulupi Nancy Siti Djenar Putra, Fisika Prasetyo Rahma, Andien Tiara Rahma, Dina Nur Salsabila, Putri Widad setiawan, Dibyo Suryadi, Joko Widyabudiningsih, Dewi Witcaksono, Saifa Haikal