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All Journal al-Mawarid Jurnal Syariah dan Hukum (JSYH) Journal of Governance and Public Administration International Journal of Science and Society (IJSS)
Thomas Sheku Marah
Unknown Affiliation
Religion Humanities Astronomy Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Environmental Science Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Public Health Social Sciences

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THE INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL JUSTICE MECHANISMS: SIERRA LEONE’S POST-CONFLICT ACCOUNTABILITY Thomas Sheku Marah
Journal of Governance and Public Administration Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): Maret
Publisher : Yayasan Nuraini Ibrahim Mandiri

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70248/jogapa.v2i2.1723

Abstract

Sierra Leone’s brutal civil war (1991–2002) bequeathed a dark history of mass atrocities, war crimes, crimes against humanity, and systematic gender-based violence. Therefore, the Special Court for Sierra Leone (SCSL) was created in 2002 as a hybrid international court to try the perpetrators responsible for these crimes. This research examines the framework, jurisdiction, and achievements of the SCSL as a post-conflict accountability and justice-delivering court. This study aims to critically assess the contribution of the SCSL to transitional justice by examining the prosecution of high-level perpetrators, the response of the SCSL to sexual and gender-based violence, the strengthening of community outreach through outreach programs, and the nation-building of local judiciaries. Using a qualitative approach based on case study methods, the study examines five central aspects of SCSL activity. The evidence was generated from primary sources such as court judgments, government reports, and policy reports, as well as from secondary literature: NGO reports, academic literature, and human rights reports. The cross-cutting themes and the impact—on legal, political, and social levels—of the tribunal were assessed through thematic analysis. The SCSL has set important new precedents in international law, such as the prosecution of a sitting head of state and the recognition of sexual violence as a distinct war crime. Its outreach and capacity-building programs served to promote legal literacy and institutional capacity in Sierra Leone, notwithstanding limitations with respect to funding, outreach to rural areas, and sustainability. The article argues that hybrid tribunals like the SCSL may be instructive for future post-conflict systems of justice insofar as they achieve a balance between international legal imperatives and local affinity.
TOWARD A BORDERLESS AFRICA: LEGAL AND POLICY FRAMEWORKS FOR IMPLEMENTING A PAN-AFRICAN FREE VISA REGIME TO REDUCE IRREGULAR MIGRATION AND PROMOTE YOUTH EMPOWERMENT Thomas Sheku Marah
Journal of Governance and Public Administration Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): Maret
Publisher : Yayasan Nuraini Ibrahim Mandiri

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70248/jogapa.v2i2.2116

Abstract

Africa, the continent of so many cultures, so much potential; of even more borders and immigration policies, is in large part still a patchwork of disjointed countries lacking the free movement of people and goods across the whole continent. This paper analyzes the legal and policy principles of a continental free visa regime as part of the African Union’s Agenda 2063. It critically analyzes the implications of such integration for curbing irregular migration, harnessing the potential of African youth, and contributing to socio-economic development. Examining both the challenges and opportunities that exist for fostering continental unity through mobility, the study draws from primary legal instruments (such as the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) and the Protocol on Free Movement of Persons). Employing a qualitative methodology bolstered by extensive literature and institutional reports, the paper demonstrates how, despite challenges of political will and security concerns, a harmonized visa policy is a viable solution that could decrease the risks of youth migration, promote economic independence, and strengthen African identity. The study concludes that a borderless Africa is attainable if policies are enhanced, cooperation by regional actors increased, and parties involved are engaged appropriately.
Sustainable Development through Youth Innovation: A Case for Scientific Collaboration in Addressing Climate Challenges in West Africa Thomas Sheku Marah
International Journal of Science and Society (IJSS) Vol. 1 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Marasofi International Media and Publishing (MIMP)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.64123/ijss.v1.i2.2

Abstract

West Africa faces escalating climate challenges that threaten socio-economic stability and ecological balance. Traditional mitigation strategies have largely excluded the youth, despite their increasing engagement and innovative capacities. This study explores the potential of youth-led climate initiatives in Sierra Leone, Ghana, and Nigeria, emphasizing the role of scientific collaboration in enhancing their impact. Using a qualitative approach with secondary data from 2020–2024, the research applies thematic analysis framed by the Innovation Ecosystem Model and the co-creation concept within the SDG framework (SDG 13 and SDG 17). Findings show that youth innovations—such as renewable energy projects, climate-smart agriculture, and digital tools—gain greater legitimacy, scale, and policy relevance when connected with academic and institutional partners. However, barriers persist, including limited funding, weak infrastructure, and marginalization in formal governance. The study recommends institutionalizing youth-science partnerships, establishing climate innovation grants, integrating youth in national adaptation plans, enhancing digital infrastructure, and supporting gender-responsive innovation. Strengthening these frameworks is vital to harnessing West Africa’s demographic potential and ensuring sustainable, climate-resilient development.
HYBRID AUTHORITY AT THE INTERSECTION OF CONSTITUTION AND SHARIA: JURISDICTIONAL DILEMMAS AND THE ENFORCEMENT OF ISLAMIC FAMILY LAW IN NIGERIA Muhammad jibril, Abubakar; Thomas Sheku Marah; Nura Sani Yusuf; Jelly Akter; Hoda Gueddi; Sulaiman Dalha Ahmad
al-Mawarid Jurnal Syariah dan Hukum (JSYH) Vol. 8 No. 1 (2026): al-Mawarid Jurnal Syariah dan Hukum (JSYH)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20885/mawarid.vol8.iss1.art3

Abstract

Purpose – This study examines why the constitutional recognition of Sharia family courts in Nigeria has failed to resolve ongoing tensions over power, legitimacy, and jurisdiction, revealing a structural dilemma in which constitutional supremacy and Sharia authority coexist without meaningful integration. Methods – This study uses a normative legal method based on doctrinal analyses. Primary data include constitutional provisions and legal instruments governing Sharia courts, while secondary data consist of established scholarly studies on Islamic legal theory, constitutional law, and legal pluralism. Data were analyzed using interpretive and analytical techniques to assess jurisdictional structures, sources of authority, and adjudication patterns. Findings – These findings show that Islamic family law in Nigeria operates through a dual structure of constitutional legality and religious legitimacy, resulting in the persistent fragmentation of authority that produces doctrinal inconsistency, judicial minimalism, and institutional caution. Rather than offering a principled framework for coexistence, constitutional supremacy functions primarily as a mechanism of subjugation, placing Sharia family law in a state of formal validity but with normative uncertainty. Thus, the stability of Islamic family law does not arise from the resolution of conflicts of authority but rather from the ability of the judicial system to manage normative tensions through case-specific accommodations within a stable but conceptually fragile space of legal pluralism. Research contribution/limitations – This study is limited to normative legal analysis and does not include empirical court data or litigants’ perspectives. Therefore, the conclusions cannot be generalized beyond doctrinal interpretations. Originality/value – This study offers a conceptual reframing of Islamic family law as a semi-autonomous normative subsystem within the constitutional order, contributing to the debate on legal pluralism and religious courts.
Co-Authors Hoda Gueddi Jelly Akter Muhammad jibril, Abubakar Nura Sani Yusuf Sulaiman Dalha Ahmad