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All Journal Indonesian Journal of Chemical Studies (Indones. J. Chem. Stud.)
Rahmadtullah, Ismail
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Chemistry

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Synthesis and Characterization of Titanium Dioxide/Graphene Nanoplatelets Nanocomposites via Planetary Ball Milling for Military Radar Absorbing Materials Amalia, Gita Resty; Hardiansyah, Andri; Rasendriya, Anselmo Bima; Rahmadtullah, Ismail; Setiono, Andi; Murniati, Riri
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Studies Vol. 4 No. 1 (2025): Indones. J. Chem. Stud., June 2025
Publisher : Indonesian Scholar Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55749/ijcs.v4i1.67

Abstract

Stealth technology is widely used in the military field to avoid enemy detection. Consequently, there has been a significant surge in research related to radar-absorbing materials (RAMs). Titanium dioxide (TiO2) and graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) are promising materials for developing RAMs. Combining TiO2 as a semiconductor with GNPs as a conductive material could increase the ability to absorb microwaves through a more effective energy dissipation mechanism. In our study, TiO2 and GNPs were fabricated using the planetary ball milling method. The structure and morphology of the resulting nanocomposites were evaluated using Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy with Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (FE-SEM EDS) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD). FE-SEM observations showed that TiO2 nanoparticles were attached to the surface of layered GNPs. XRD analysis showed a decrease in the peak intensity of the TiO2/GNP nanocomposites compared to pure TiO2 due to the addition of carbon elements. The performance of RAMs was evaluated using a Vector Network Analyzer (VNA) in the X-band (8-12 GHz) range with a 3-mm thickness. The VNA analysis indicated that the TiO2/GNP nanocomposites exhibited the optimal reflection loss (RL) of -30.72 dB at a frequency of 8.42 GHz, accompanied by a through power of 99.91%. Consequently, TiO2/GNP nanocomposites demonstrated promising potential as a military RAM.
Fabrication and Characterization of Graphene Nanoplatelets/Zinc Oxide Nanocomposites as a Military Radar Absorbing Material Rasendriya, Anselmo Bima; Hardiansyah, Andri; Amalia, Gita Resty; Rahmadtullah, Ismail; Setiono, Andi; Piliang, M. Zuhnir; Renta, Hotma
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Studies Vol. 4 No. 1 (2025): Indones. J. Chem. Stud., June 2025
Publisher : Indonesian Scholar Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55749/ijcs.v4i1.69

Abstract

Stealth aircraft have the capability to intercept radar waves. One common technique involves the use of radar-absorbing materials (RAMs). This study focused on the synthesis of advanced lightweight functional materials derived from advanced carbon and semiconductor compounds for microwave absorbing through mechanical homogenization. Graphene nanoplatelets (GNP) and Zinc Oxide (ZnO) possess excellent dielectric and magnetic loss capability due to their thermal conductivity, small particle size, large surface area, disordered structure, and lightweight nature. The GNP and ZnO were developed as advanced carbon and semiconductor nanocomposites using Planetary Ball Milling (PBM) at a ratio of 1:1. This approach aimed to improve the structure, morphology, and electromagnetic performance of the materials. A comparison between the nanocomposite materials and their precursors was conducted to clarify the advantages of using nanocomposites. FE-SEM showed the layered carbon sheets in GNP. XRD exhibited the alteration in the crystallite structure of ZnO, while FTIR spectroscopy confirmed the presence of specific functional groups. In addition, the GNP/ZnO nanocomposites showed strong microwave polarization capabilities. Notably, the GNP/ZnO nanocomposite achieved the lowest RL value compared to the precursor materials with a value of -28.21 dB at 8.45 GHz and a thickness of 3 mm in the scope of X-band range. While the through power was calculated at 99.84%. Through mechanical homogenization, a well-structured disordered crystallite layered material was fabricated for military RAMs. In the industrial sector, GNP/ZnO nanocomposites showed promising potential as a lightweight and advanced functional material for future stealth aircraft applications.
Co-Authors Amalia, Gita Resty Andi Setiono Hardiansyah, Andri Murniati, Riri Piliang, M. Zuhnir Rasendriya, Anselmo Bima Renta, Hotma