Garuda - Garba Rujukan Digital

What is The Relationship Between Seasonal Weather Variations and Tension Headache Prevalence among Working Professionals in Urban Environments? : A Systematic Review Satya Agung Nugroho; Nazalla Gwen Vaganesha; Hasnan Habib Afifudin
The Indonesian Journal of General Medicine Vol. 13 No. 2 (2025): The Indonesian Journal of General Medicine
Publisher : International Medical Journal Corp. Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70070/px8p3168

Introduction: Tension-type headaches are a prevalent condition among working professionals in urban environments, significantly impacting productivity and quality of life. While anecdotal evidence suggests a link between weather changes and headache onset, scientific validation for this association remains unclear. This systematic review aims to evaluate the relationship between seasonal weather variations and the prevalence of tension-type headaches among this specific population. Methods: Following the PRISMA 2020 guidelines, a systematic search was conducted across PubMed, Semantic Scholar, Springer, and Google Scholar. The review included observational studies, cohort studies, case-control studies, and systematic reviews focusing on adult working professionals (18-65 years) in urban settings who experience tension-type headaches. The primary criteria required studies to have clear methodologies for measuring outdoor weather variables. Results: The search identified 10,306 records, from which 21 studies were included in the final synthesis. A significant finding was the profound lack of direct evidence; the majority of included studies did not measure or report on weather variables. The few that did found associations between barometric pressure changes and self-reported weather sensitivity with headache induction. In contrast, the review found substantial evidence linking workplace factors to headaches, including sedentary work, indoor air quality, and psychological stress. Interventions such as acupuncture and relaxation exercises were shown to be effective in reducing headache frequency and severity. Discussion: The scarcity of high-quality research prevents a definitive conclusion on the relationship between seasonal weather and tension headaches. The available evidence is more robust in identifying modifiable occupational and indoor environmental risk factors. The findings suggest that for urban professionals, the immediate work environment may be a more significant and consistent contributor to headache pathogenesis than ambient meteorological conditions. Conclusion: While the link between seasonal weather and tension headaches in urban working professionals remains unverified due to a lack of dedicated research, this review highlights the critical role of the workplace environment. Addressing occupational risk factors through targeted interventions presents a more evidence-based approach to mitigating the burden of tension headaches in this population.

What is the effectiveness of chiropractic manipulation compared to standard physical therapy in reducing pain intensity and improving functional mobility for patients with chronic low back pain? : A Systematic Review Satya Agung Nugroho; Nazalla Gwen Vaganesha; Hasnan Habib Afifudin
The International Journal of Medical Science and Health Research Vol. 13 No. 5 (2025): The International Journal of Medical Science and Health Research
Publisher : International Medical Journal Corp. Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70070/3q1t7y20

Introduction : Chronic low back pain (CLBP) is a pervasive health issue that significantly impairs quality of life and functional capacity globally. Among non-pharmacologic interventions, chiropractic manipulation and standard physical therapy are common treatments. This systematic review aims to compare the effectiveness of these two modalities in reducing pain intensity and improving functional mobility for adults with CLBP. Methods : This systematic review adhered to the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. A comprehensive search was conducted across PubMed, Semantic Scholar, Springer, and Google Scholar to identify randomized controlled trials, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses. Studies were included if they compared chiropractic manipulation by licensed chiropractors to standard physical therapy for adult patients with CLBP lasting over 12 weeks. Primary outcomes included pain intensity and functional mobility measured by validated scales. Results Eighteen studies were included in the final analysis. The results indicate that chiropractic manipulation and standard physical therapy are largely equivalent in effectiveness for both pain reduction and functional improvement. While a few studies reported superior short-term pain relief with spinal manipulative therapy , most found no significant long-term differences between the two interventions. Adverse events associated with both treatments were infrequently reported and were generally mild and transient. Discussion: The evidence demonstrates a consistent pattern of equivalence in clinical outcomes between chiropractic care and physical therapy. This suggests that neither modality is definitively superior for the majority of CLBP patients. The significant variability in treatment protocols across studies highlights the need for individualized care plans. Patient characteristics did not reliably predict a differential response to either therapy, underscoring the importance of shared decision-making. Conclusion: Chiropractic manipulation and standard physical therapy are both effective and safe interventions for managing chronic low back pain, yielding comparable outcomes. The choice between these treatments should be guided by patient preference, accessibility, and clinical presentation. An integrative approach, potentially combining the strengths of both disciplines, may further enhance patient care.

The Association of Long-Term Metformin Use with Cancer Risk in Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review of the Evidence and Methodological Controversies Satya Agung Nugroho; Hasnan Habib Affifudin; Rizkyta Audrey Candrasmurti
The Indonesian Journal of General Medicine Vol. 1 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : International Medical Journal Corp. Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70070/vptnkj62

INTRODUCTION: A substantial body of evidence suggests that type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a systemic state that promotes carcinogenesis, with chronic hyperinsulinemia identified as a primary biological mechanism. Metformin, a first-line insulin-sensitizing agent for T2DM, has been investigated for potential anti-neoplastic properties due to its ability to reduce circulating insulin levels and exert direct cellular effects. However, the evidence is conflicting, with observational studies suggesting a protective effect while randomized controlled trials (RCTs) show null results. This systematic review synthesizes the evidence on the association between long-term metformin use and cancer risk in patients with T2DM and critically appraises the methodological controversies that complicate its interpretation. METHODS: A systematic review of key observational studies investigating the association between metformin use and cancer risk in T2DM patients was conducted. Included studies were of cohort and case-control design. The methodological quality of selected studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). Findings were synthesized for overall cancer incidence and mortality, site-specific cancer risks, and dose-duration relationships. A critical appraisal of potential biases, including time-related biases and confounding by comparator, was performed to contextualize the discrepancy between observational and RCT evidence. RESULTS: Observational studies and their meta-analyses consistently reported a significant reduction in overall cancer risk, with summary risk reductions of approximately 30-35% for both incidence and mortality. The strongest protective associations were observed for hepatocellular and pancreatic cancers. The evidence for colorectal and breast cancer was inconsistent, while the association with prostate cancer was weak. A clear dose- and duration-response relationship was a common finding, with benefits becoming significant only after several years of continuous use. In stark contrast, meta-analyses of RCTs have consistently found no association between metformin use and cancer incidence (RR 1.07; 95% CI, 0.87–1.31). Critical appraisal of the observational literature revealed a high potential for methodological flaws, particularly immortal time bias and confounding by comparison to potentially harmful agents (e.g., sulfonylureas), which may account for this discrepancy. DISCUSSION: The evidence regarding metformin's chemopreventive effect is defined by a fundamental conflict between a large body of observational data suggesting a strong protective effect and null findings from RCTs. The magnitude of risk reduction in observational studies is likely an overestimation driven by systematic biases. If a true protective effect exists, it is probably far more modest than initially reported and likely mediated by the systemic reduction of hyperinsulinemia, primarily affecting insulin-sensitive tumors. The alternative hypothesis—that metformin appears protective because it is often compared to agents like sulfonylureas that may increase cancer risk—cannot be dismissed. CONCLUSION: Observational studies and their meta-analyses consistently reported a significant reduction in overall cancer risk, with summary risk reductions of approximately 30-35% for both incidence and mortality. The potential for a modest reduction in the risk of certain cancers is a compelling hypothesis, but definitive conclusions await the results of large-scale, long-term RCTs designed with cancer as a primary endpoint.

A Comprehensive Systematic Review of Intraoperative Wound Irrigation for The Prevention of Surgical Site Infection after Laparotomy Satya Agung Nugroho; Fathan Sulistyo Widodo; Hasnan Habib Affifudin
The International Journal of Medical Science and Health Research Vol. 20 No. 4 (2025): The International Journal of Medical Science and Health Research
Publisher : International Medical Journal Corp. Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70070/nje93559

Introduction: Surgical site infections (SSIs) remain a significant complication following laparotomy, leading to increased morbidity, prolonged hospital stays, and higher healthcare costs. Intraoperative wound irrigation (IOWI) has been proposed as a preventive measure, but the optimal solution and technique remain debated. Methods: This systematic review analyzed 40 sources, including randomized controlled trials, meta-analyses, and systematic reviews, retrieved via PubMed, Google Scholar, Semantic Scholar, Springer, Wiley Online Library. Studies were screened based on population (adult laparotomy patients), intervention (IOWI), outcome (SSI incidence), and design (RCTs, meta-analyses). Data extraction was performed using a large language model to capture intervention details, surgical context, SSI definitions, outcomes, and effect measures. Results: IOWI significantly reduces SSI rates compared to no irrigation (RR 0.52, 95% CI 0.37–0.74). Antiseptic solutions, particularly povidone-iodine and polyhexanide, may offer additional benefit over saline in certain contexts, though evidence is heterogeneous. Antibiotic irrigation shows strong benefits in contaminated wounds and colorectal surgery. Pulse lavage is superior to standard pouring, while excessive irrigation volume may be counterproductive. Discussion: The efficacy of IOWI is highly context-dependent, influenced by surgical type, contamination level, irrigation technique, and study quality. Antiseptic and antibiotic irrigations are most beneficial in high-risk settings, whereas saline irrigation remains effective in clean-contaminated cases. Conclusion: Routine IOWI before skin closure is recommended for laparotomy patients. Antiseptic or antibiotic solutions should be considered in contaminated or colorectal surgery, and pulse lavage may enhance effectiveness. Future research should standardize protocols and focus on high-risk populations.

Title

Found 4 Documents
Search

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Title Search

Found 4 Documents Search

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Title

Found 4 Documents
Search