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All Journal KOVALEN: Jurnal Riset Kimia Journal Serambi Engineering (JSE)
Syaubari
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Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Earth & Planetary Sciences Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering Environmental Science Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering

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Performance Analysis of Coconut Fiber Trickle Bed Filter for Municipal Wastewater Treatment Teuku Maimun; Mirna Rahmah Lubis; Pocut Nurul Alam; Syaubari
Jurnal Serambi Engineering Vol. 9 No. 2 (2024): April 2024
Publisher : Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Serambi Mekkah

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Abstract

The large amount of liquid waste generated from urban activities can provide negative impacts, such as disease spread, environmental damage, and others. Therefore, treatment efforts before disposal into the environmental are crucial. One method of treating liquid waste that can be used is the trickling filter. The trickling filter method used in this research utilizes natural fibers, namely coconut fiber, as the packing media, replacing sand or plastic as the packing media in conventional trickling filters. Treatment of municipal liquid waste (domestic waste) using coconut fiber trickling filters is one application of biofilm technology in wastewater treatment, where a biological layer (biofilm) like mucus will grow on the surface of the media. This biological layer will meet the wastewater and degrade the pollutant compounds presentin the wastewater, resulting in water with lower biological oxygen demand (BOD) values than before. Theresult if water that is safe for disposal into the environment. This trickling filter reactor can degrade pollutants with degradation efficiency of BOD 91.3%, nitrate 50.25%, and ammonia 37.5% at the optimal flow rate of this study (0.256 L/min).
Formulasi Losion Ekstrak Kopi Robusta (Coffea canephora) sebagai Penangkal Radikal Bebas: Lotion Formulation of Robusta Coffee Extract (Coffea canephora) as a Free Radical Antidote Mulana, Farid; Syaubari; Afifah, Syarifah Nur; Lestari, Indah Tri
KOVALEN: Jurnal Riset Kimia Vol. 9 No. 2 (2023): August Edition
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Mathematics and Natural Science Faculty, Tadulako University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22487/kovalen.2023.v9.i2.16333

Abstract

Hand body lotion is a cosmetic used to moisturize skin in order to reduce dehydration. The coffee extract contains bioactive compounds that can provide high antioxidant activation. The purpose of this research is to study the effect of concentration on coffee extract and the addition of olive oil on organoleptic, hedonic, pH, and dispersive properties and to determine the value of the Sun Protection Factor (SPF) in the lotion. The research method involved extracting coffee grounds, heating the oil and water phases to 65°C, and mixing the two phases till it becomes an emulsion. Then add the oil and water to the mixture. The lotion that’s already in the container is ready for testing. This research used 8 formulas with coffee extract concentrations of 2% and 4%, and variations of olive oil from 0, 1, 2, and 3%. Organoleptic and hedonic tests were tried out on 25 respondents for 2 weeks. The pH test was carried out using a universal indicator. The spreadability test was carried out using a petri dish and the SPF test using a UV-visible spectrophotometer. The results showed that 25 respondents preferred formula 4 over the rest, which was white in color, thick in texture, soft scent and the aftertaste was moisturizing. All formulas have good spreading ability and all in the pH range of 5 – 8. The SPF test results were obtained for each formulation in the range of 6.78 – 12.95 and the highest SPF value was owned by F8 of 12.95.
Co-Authors Afifah, Syarifah Nur Farid Mulana Indah Tri Lestari, Indah Tri Mirna Rahmah Lubis Pocut Nurul Alam Teuku Maimun