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All Journal TRANSBORDERS: International Relations Journal Indonesian Journal of International Relations
Zafar, Javed
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GEOPOLITICS OF MEDITERRANEAN REGION Zafar, Javed
Indonesian Journal of International Relations Vol 8 No 2 (2024): INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
Publisher : Indonesian Association for International Relations

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32787/ijir.v8i2.540

Abstract

The present paper will discuss the contemporary geopolitical setting of the Mediterranean region. This paper will examine how different powers, including Europe and Asia, are struggling to influence the Mediterranean strategic space. The paper will also discuss how the region is emerging as an alternative to Russian energy for Europe. Turkey is an important stakeholder and player in the Mediterranean region. Turkey has multiple interests, including cultural, economic, and strategic; therefore, the country is serious about its engagements in the region. The paper also focusses on how Turkey has been managing its interests in the region. The paper is based on descriptive and analytical research methods. The historically Mediterranean region always plays an important role in global geopolitics. The region is important for NATO. In the post-Cold War era, new coalitions were made in the region. Ukraine's war makes the region more important. Turkey is restructuring its strategy in the region
RISE OF INDIAN DEFENSE INDUSTRY zafar, javed
TRANSBORDERS: International Relations Journal Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025): TransBorders: International Relations Journal
Publisher : Hubungan Internasional, Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Universitas Pasundan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23969/transborders.v8i2.23903

Abstract

India, the world's most populous country, possesses the second-largest military and the fourth-largest defense budget globally. Historically, India has been one of the largest arms importers. However, over the past two decades, the country has made significant efforts to reduce its dependence on imports and achieve self-reliance in defense manufacturing. To accomplish this goal, India has introduced major policy reforms, including opening up the defense sector to private companies and launching extensive indigenization initiatives. These measures aim to strengthen domestic defense production and position India as a key player in the global defense industry. This paper analyzes the historical trajectory of India's defense imports, examining the factors that contributed to its reliance on foreign weaponry. It also explores India's strategic efforts to reduce imports by promoting indigenous manufacturing and fostering technological advancements. Furthermore, the paper highlights India's emergence as a key defense exporter on the global stage, assessing its growing influence in international arms trade.
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