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All Journal International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education (IJERE) ETIKONOMI
Mohd Radzi, Naziatul Aziah
Unknown Affiliation
Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education

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Bridging education and CSR: the role of corporate foundations in Malaysia’s human capital development Mohd Radzi, Naziatul Aziah; Lee, Khai Ern; Abdul Halim, Sharina; Siwar, Chamhuri; Azman Aziz, Mukhriz Izraf
International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education (IJERE) Vol 14, No 3: June 2025
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijere.v14i3.27925

Abstract

The outlined target in sustainable development goals (SDG) relating to educational aspects indicates that education plays an important role and should become the primary concern of various parties. Hence, this study focused on the implications of corporate social responsibility (CSR) in educational aspects towards the development of human capital from the viewpoints of selected corporate foundations in Malaysia. This study was conducted through a questionnaire survey in which data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics 20 software. The target population for this study were individuals involved with CSR initiatives conducted by four selected corporate foundations which are the implementers and students who received assistance from corporate foundations. The analysis shows that educational activities in CSR initiatives undertaken by corporate foundations have helped in the development of human capital. Both implementers and recipients give priority to scholarship sponsorships followed by school assistance, organizing workshops and seminars as valuable activities for individuals. The CSR initiatives in educational aspects have highlighted the role of corporate foundations as agents that can help individuals to achieve their dreams of pursuing tertiary education. The involvement of corporate foundations in education has created value for companies and certainly for society, in which corporate foundations have established relationships with stakeholders, as explained in the stakeholder theory.
Financial Development and Unemployment in OECD Countries: Evidence from Pre- and Post-Pandemic Periods Yan, Zhang; Mohd Radzi, Naziatul Aziah; Saidi, Normaizatul Akma
ETIKONOMI Vol. 25 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Faculty of Economic and Business, Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/etk.v25i1.42977

Abstract

Research Originality: This study systematically analyzed the relationship between financial development and the unemployment rate using data from 38 OECD countries from 2000 to 2024. It not only examines differences across income levels but also deeply investigates the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, thereby overcoming the limitations of previous studies that relied on alternative indicators of economic growth. Research Objectives: The purpose of this study is to assess whether a robust financial market can reduce unemployment rates, as well as how this effect changes under different economic backgrounds. Research Method: This study, using panel data from the World Bank and the OECD for the period 2000 to 2024, employs the fixed-effects model to test the direct impact of financial development level and the moderating effect of the epidemic. Empirical Results: The pandemic has weakened the effect of financial development on reducing the unemployment rate by optimizing capital allocation, but fiscal stimulus measures have boosted economic recovery. Therefore, even after excluding the data from the crisis period, the research findings remain robust. Implications: High-income countries must focus on improving the efficiency of fiscal resource allocation while maintaining labor-market stability. In contrast, middle- and high-income countries need to support the development of manufacturing and small and medium-sized enterprises while reducing financial instability risks, especially during times of crisis. JEL Classification: E24, G20, O40
Co-Authors Abdul Halim, Sharina Azman Aziz, Mukhriz Izraf Chamhuri Siwar Lee, Khai Ern Saidi, Normaizatul Akma Yan, Zhang