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"Where Am I": Characterization of Ultra-Wide Band Real Time Location System in Line of Sight Mat Ali, Mahasan; Shamsuddin, Syamimi; Muhammad, Mohd Nazrin; Sayed Nordin, Sayed Kushairi; Abdullah, Shariman
Engineering Science Letter Vol. 4 No. 02 (2025): Engineering Science Letter
Publisher : The Indonesian Institute of Science and Technology Research

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56741/IISTR.esl.00893

Abstract

Absolute position measurement is a necessity in an Autonomous Indoor Mobile Robot (AiMR) built as to compensate the systematic and non-systematic errors caused by the odometry. This paper is set out to characterize the range bias of DecaWave Trek 1000 in Line of Sight (LOS). DecaWave Trek 1000 is a commercially available Real Time Location System (RTLS) based on Ultra-Wide Band (UWB) technology. The main advantage of using such a system is it provide quick solution with best-in-class accuracy of up to +10 cm. The system also compliant with IEEE802.15.4-2011 standards and implemented based on CMOS technology. To validate its performance, four distinct environment scenarios were selected based on their spatial occupancies to represent both favourable and non-favourable operating conditions. A total of 120,000 positioning data were measured and recorded throughout this study. Firstly, the collected data were compared to the ground truth and subjected to statistical analysis to determine whether environment factors significantly influenced ranging errors. Then the range error the results confirm that while the system performs within its specified accuracy under favourable conditions, the non-favourable condition on the other hand shows a drop of 20% in ranging accuracy. Throughout this extensive characterization, a systematic error model and noise estimation were formulated, providing a critical foundation for integrating UWB RTLS measurements into advanced probabilistic localization framework. Looking forward, the developed characterization function, offers strong potential for fusion with filtering algorithm such as Bayesian filters to enhance indoor navigation reliability for an AiMR application.
A Mini-Review on Critical Factors in Determining Angle of Pull (AOP) and Assessment Tools in Physiotherapy Kamal, Ahmad Syazwan Ahmad; Hong, Lim Zhen; Rahman, Rabiatul Adawiah Abdul; Jamaluddin, Bahman; Setiawan, Rudi; Shamsuddin, Syamimi
Jurnal IPTEK Vol 29, No 2 (2025): December
Publisher : LPPM Institut Teknologi Adhi Tama Surabaya (ITATS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31284/j.iptek.2025.v29i2.7507

Abstract

The Angle of Pull (AOP) is an essential concept in physiotherapy since it determines the efficiency of rehabilitation exercises by ensuring targeted muscle engagement and optimal force application. Therefore, precise quantification of AOP as well as identification of Range of Motion (ROM) and resistance points is critical when establishing appropriate rehabilitation strategies. However, traditional methods like the universal goniometer are most used but there are certain limitations such as the parallax error and inter-rater variability which can impact the precision required in clinical settings. This mini review examines the foundational elements of ROM, baseline muscle strength, and the resistor point in determining AOP. It also assesses the strength and weakness of the available tools, like the digital HALO goniometer and the AnglePro which is the goniometer that also has laser pointer for identifying the point of resistance. Despite technological advancements, current devices still exhibit significant limitations such as high costs, dependency on traditional goniometers, and lack of comprehensive functionality. The review points out the need for a new precise device that could capture the ROM, AOP and identify specific resistance points as effectively as a digital device but at a lower cost. Such innovations would facilitate the efficiency, accuracy and effectiveness of physiotherapy practice to improve patient results. Moreover, further exploration in this area is needed to eliminate the current shortcomings and develop the above strategies.