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Crisanto Putra Mbulu , Bernardus
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Control & Systems Engineering Energy Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mechanical Engineering

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COMPARISON OF TEMPERATURE VARIATIONS (60˚C, 80˚C, and 100˚C) ON MESH 30 AND 250 DRYING OF COFFEE WOOD CHARCOAL BRIQUETTE ON CALORIAL VALUE AND HARDNESS Sakerengan , Jamiko; Tugur Redationo , Nereus; Crisanto Putra Mbulu , Bernardus
Mechanical, Energy and Material (METAL) Vol. 3 No. 1 (2025): Juni: Mechanical, Energy and Material (METAL)
Publisher : Universitas Katolik Widya Karya Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59581/metal.v3i1.126

Abstract

The selection of coffee wood in this study is based on the fact that coffee wood is waste and has not been utilized optimally and the availability of coffee wood is large and easy to obtain in the East Java region. Coffee wood is a type of wood that is not in demand by many people because this wood is relatively small and not straight. To reduce waste, researchers made briquettes made from coffee wood using mesh 30 and 250 with variations in drying temperatures (60 °C, 80 ° C and 100 ° C). After that was carried out Calorimeter Bomb Testing, and hardness. The highest calorific value resulting from temperature variations of 60°C, 80°C, and 100°C mesh 30 and 250 drying coffee wood briquettes is mesh 30 temperature 100°C of 6972.23 cal/g, and mesh 250 temperature 100°C of 6763.19 cal/g. The effect of the ratio of temperature variations (60°C, 80°C and 100°C) mesh 30 and 250 Drying coffee wood briquettes is: Grain and adhesive size. The smaller the grain size on the briquettes, namely mesh 250, it produces a high hardness value of 60 °C of 26.6 HA, a temperature of 80 °C of 27.7 HA, and a temperature of 100 ° C of 27.4 HA, the larger the grain size in the briquette, namely mesh 30, the low hardness value of 60 ° C of 25.6 HA, temperature of 80 ° C of 26.4 HA, and a temperature of 100°C of 26.2 HA. The effect of the adhesive is that when drying the oven for 3 hours with temperature variations (60 ° C, 80 ° C and 100 ° C) makes the adhesive react so that the adhesive evaporates and coagulates which causes the hardness value to rise and fall.
DETERMINATION OF CALORIEVING VALUE AND COMBUSTION RATE OF CANDLECRON SHELL BRIQUETTE THROUGH VARIATION OF PARTICLE SIZE AND PRESSURE FACTOR Reditta , Patricius; Murdiyanto , Danang; Crisanto Putra Mbulu , Bernardus
Mechanical, Energy and Material (METAL) Vol. 3 No. 1 (2025): Juni: Mechanical, Energy and Material (METAL)
Publisher : Universitas Katolik Widya Karya Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59581/metal.v3i1.128

Abstract

Candlenut shell is an organic waste that has a hard texture and has a high carbon element. The amount of candlenut shell produced from each processing of candlenut seeds is very large but has not been optimally utilized. For this reason, an effort is needed to utilize candlenut shells so that they do not become waste. In the manufacture of hazelnut shell briquettes, hazelnut shells are carbonized at 500 °, sifted with mesh 30 and 100 sieves, given a compressive load of 3 kg, 4 kg, 5 kg and 5.5 kg, the adhesive on hazelnut shell briquettes is starch and drying is carried out with a drying oven for 3 hours at a temperature of 80 °. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of variations in pressure and particle size on the quality of hazelnut shell briquettes when viewed from the combustion rate and calorific value. The methodology used in this research is experimentation on hazelnut shell briquettes, testing hazelnut shell briquettes including testing water content, testing ash content, burning rate and calorific value of briquettes. From the results of the research on hazelnut shell briquettes with variations in pressure and mesh, the highest calorific value in hazelnut shell raw material briquettes is in the 5.5 Kg pressure specimen on mesh 30, namely 9855.18 Cal/gram and the bomb calorimeter test results are 7008.03 Cal/gram with an error rate of 24.40%, the higher the pressure will produce a higher calorific value as well. The highest combustion rate value is in hazelnut shell briquettes at a pressure specimen of 3 Kg mesh 100 with a value of 1.2 grams/minute the smaller the particle size, the higher or faster the combustion rate.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF PACK CARBURIZING AND QUENCHING PROCESS WITH TEMPERATURE VARIATIONS (700℃, 800℃, AND 900℃) ON THE MICRO-CHARACTERISTICS AND HARDNESS OF STAINLESS STEEL 316L Angger, Daniel; Crisanto Putra Mbulu , Bernardus; Prisma Jalu Permana, Antonius
Mechanical, Energy and Material (METAL) Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025): Desember: Mechanical, Energy and Material (METAL)
Publisher : Universitas Katolik Widya Karya Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59581/metal.v3i2.141

Abstract

His study aims to investigate the effect of temperature variation in pack carburizing and quenching processes on the microstructure and surface hardness of Stainless Steel 316L. The pack carburizing process was conducted using activated carbon derived from robusta coffee grounds at temperatures of 700°C, 800°C, and 900°C with a holding time of 60 minutes. Subsequently, a quenching process was carried out using oil mixed with activated carbon to lock the diffused carbon. The material was tested for mass change, microstructure (via SEM), and surface hardness (using the Vickers method). The results show that increasing temperature significantly affects carbon diffusion and hardness improvement. The highest hardness value was obtained from the quenching process at 900°C with 330 HV, while pack carburizing at the same temperature resulted in 292 HV. The microstructure revealed more dominant Martensitic formation in the quenching process. Therefore, heat treatment with rapid cooling proves to be more effective in enhancing hardness and modifying the microstructure of Stainless Steel 316L.
Co-Authors Angger, Daniel Murdiyanto , Danang Prisma Jalu Permana, Antonius Reditta , Patricius Sakerengan , Jamiko Tugur Redationo , Nereus