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All Journal EKSAKTA: Journal of Sciences and Data Analysis Journal of ICT, Design, Engineering and Technological Science
Zeeshan Ahmad
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Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Earth & Planetary Sciences Electrical & Electronics Engineering Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mechanical Engineering

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Optimum Utilization of Volcanic Rock as Pozzolana for the Maximum Compressive Strength of Mortar Zeeshan Ahmad; Muhammad Suleman; Masooma Sabtain; Muhammad Abdur Rehman Hamid; Waqas ur Rahman; Hamid Bilal
Journal of ICT, Design, Engineering and Technological Science Volume 7, Issue 2
Publisher : Journal of ICT, Design, Engineering and Technological Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33150/JITDETS-7.2.4

Abstract

This research describes the Dir-Utror volcanics in terms of geochemical analysis and compressive strength results to determine their Pozzolanic properties. Adding pozzolana to cement mortar enhances compressive strength by providing a supplementary binding material that reacts with calcium hydroxide to form additional cementitious compounds. This not only improves the overall durability of the mortar but also reduces the risk of cracks, making it an economically viable solution for constructing robust and long-lasting structures. For this purpose, this research concentrates on exploring the Pozzolanic characteristics using the X-ray Florescence technique, to illustrate chemical composition, and compressive strength test using 2 inch or 50 mm mortar cube. According to chemical composition and compressive strength results and by comparing it with the standard cube compression results with Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC), these materials are suitable to use as an additive or substitute for cement replacement. Four different samples were collected from the same region three of them, at 28 days of age, gave satisfactory results, while a single sample (sample 2) had less compression result than the standard cubes, cured for 28 days, according to the graphs’ trend lines. A total of 78 (2-inch) cubes were made, 6 considered to be standard (OPC) and 72 for 4 different samples. Three cubes for each ratio, such as by 15%, 25 and 35%, have been prepared and have taken the average value for each Pozzolan-ratio sample. The 1st series, 36 Pozzolan cubes’, compressive strength results were conducted after 14 days of age which was not as satisfactory as the 2nd series cured for 28 days of age.
Optimization of Engineering Properties and XRD Pattern of the Conventional Brick by Recycling the Discarded Cigarette Butts Shoaib Muhammad; Zeeshan Ahmad; Muhammad Abdur Rehman Hamid; Waqas ur Rahman; Talha Saleem; Muhammad Jahangir Khan
Journal of ICT, Design, Engineering and Technological Science Volume 7, Issue 2
Publisher : Journal of ICT, Design, Engineering and Technological Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33150/JITDETS-7.2.5

Abstract

Cigarette butts are one of the integral pollutants that severely crank the major public spots like streets, roadsides, seashores, river canals, etc. Apart from this, they have a secondary effect in which they provide space for other trash materials. If they are not properly disposed of then they will slowly burn for an out three hours. Thousands of kilograms of harmful waste are created annually from a few tones of cigarettes produced worldwide. Because cellulose acetate filters are not very biodegradable, Cigarette Butts (CBs) accumulate in the environment. A portion of the findings from an ongoing study on repurposing cigarette butts into baked clay bricks are presented in this report. Cigarette butts have been utilized to make bricks for this project. Based on the test findings, the bricks' compressive strength was found to be 37%, 53.2%, and 79.7% lower than that of typical bricks, with CB percentages of 4, 8, and 12, respectively. Also, water absorption of the brick was increased by 8%, 16%, and 48 % with CB percentages 4, 8, and 12 respectively than normal brick water absorption. Thermal conductivity of bricks was also reduced with using CBs much in amount and thermal insulation was improved by almost 50% on 4% of CBs dosage which is the optimum percentage. XRD pattern shows the Sio2 quartz in maximum with some other ingredients like feldspar, hematite and orthoclase, etc. means that the results revealed amounts of heavy metals.
Phytochemical Screening and Antioxidant Activity of the Ethanol Extract of Api-Api Fruit (Avicennia marina) Using the DPPH Method Dwiki Ramanda, Galih; Is Fatimah; Anggraini Putri Utami; Nur Jati Jagad; Nunung Nurlaela; Septiana Intan Permata; Zakiyya Hamidah; Raihan Baihaqi; Zeeshan Ahmad
EKSAKTA: Journal of Sciences and Data Analysis VOLUME 7, ISSUE 2, October 2026
Publisher : Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20885/EKSAKTA.vol7.iss2.art3

Abstract

Avicennia marina is a mangrove species with potential as a natural source of bioactive compounds; however, the utilization of its fruit as a source of antioxidants remains relatively limited. This study aimed to identify the phytochemical profile and evaluate the antioxidant activity of the ethanolic extract of A. marina fruit using the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) method. A. marina fruits collected from a mangrove area in West Kalimantan, Indonesia, were extracted using ethanol. The phytochemical profile was determined through qualitative screening and functional groups were characterized using Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, while antioxidant activity was evaluated spectrophotometrically using UV–Vis spectroscopy, with vitamin C as the positive control. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of flavonoids, saponins, terpenoids, and tannins, whereas alkaloids were not detected. FTIR analysis showed major absorption bands at 3285.33, 2924.89, 1623.20, 1268.28, and 1028.60 cm⁻¹, indicating the presence of O–H, aliphatic C–H, aromatic/conjugated C=C, and C–O functional groups. The DPPH assay at a maximum wavelength of 517 nm showed that the extract at concentrations of 10–50 ppm exhibited radical scavenging activities of 13.75–76.95%, while vitamin C at 1–5 ppm exhibited 22.38–95.40%. Linear regression equations were y = 1.5692x − 2.7204 (R² = 0.9961) for the extract and y = 18.504x + 4.2081 (R² = 0.9985) for vitamin C, yielding IC₅₀ values of 33.60 and 2.47 ppm, respectively. These findings demonstrate that the ethanolic extract of A. marina fruit possesses DPPH radical-scavenging activity, although lower than that of vitamin C, indicating its potential as a natural source of antioxidant compounds for further development.
Co-Authors Anggraini Putri Utami Dwiki Ramanda, Galih Hamid Bilal Is Fatimah Masooma Sabtain Muhammad Abdur Rehman Hamid Muhammad Jahangir Khan Muhammad Suleman Nunung Nurlaela Nur Jati Jagad Raihan Baihaqi Septiana Intan Permata Shoaib Muhammad Talha Saleem Waqas ur Rahman Zakiyya Hamidah