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All Journal Dinika: Academic Journal of Islamic Studies. Indonesian Journal of Islamic Literature and Muslim Society
Ali, Samaila
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Religion Arts Humanities

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Revisiting al-Ghazali’s Criticism on Scholastic Theology: An Examination of al-Munqidh Min al-Ḍalāl Ali, Samaila; Muhammad, Habeeb
Indonesian Journal of Islamic Literature and Muslim Society Vol. 10 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : UIN Raden Mas Said Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22515/islimus.v10i1.11438

Abstract

The debate surrounding Ilm al-Kalam represents one of the enduring discourses in the Islamic intellectual tradition. While some scholars view it as an essential tool for safeguarding the creed through rational inquiry, others criticize it for prioritizing reason over divine revelation. This study employs a qualitative approach to explore Al-Ghazali’s contributions to the development of Ilm al-Kalam and critically examines his later critiques as articulated in his autobiographical work al-Munqidh min al-Ḍalāl. The findings reveal that Al-Ghazali, a central figure within the Ash‘arite tradition, significantly shaped Islamic theological discourse through his extensive writings and intellectual influence. However, in the latter part of his life, he presented three major criticisms of Ilm al-Kalam: first, the rejection of rationality as a primary source of religious knowledge; second, a critique of theologians’ methods of refutation, which often lack independent reasoning; and third, their tendency toward taqlid (blind imitation). This study concludes that Al-Ghazali’s critiques reflect an epistemological anxiety over the limitations of reason in comprehending divine realities. Therefore, a balanced theological approach is needed—one that integrates rational reflection with the authority of revelation—to navigate the boundaries of Islamic theological thought more effectively.
Syeikh Nyass and The Making of Sacred Narratives: Myth, Reincarnation and Sūfi Identity in Nigeria Babangida, Muhammad Gidado; Ali, Samaila
DINIKA : Academic Journal of Islamic Studies Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Mas Said Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22515/dinika.v10i2.11399

Abstract

This study examines the theological and social perception of Nigerian Sūfis (mystics) regarding the claims of Syeikh Nyass's reincarnation and its significance or otherwise for Sūfi practice. It uses a conceptual tool known as the Myth and Reality Framework developed by Karl Popper to distinguish between theological realities and mystical beliefs. The study adopts a Qualitative research method by employing both primary and secondary sources of data collection, ranging from interviews, review of published Scholarly works, and Sūfi literature, to investigate the basis of reincarnation within the Sūfi tradition and how Nigerian Sūfis responded to the claim of its actualization vis-à-vis Syeikh Nyass. The study found that Syeikh Nyass has been one of the most influential Sūfi figures whose influence spread across West Africa, particularly Nigeria. Nevertheless, Nigerian Sūfis remarkably divided regarding Nyass’s alleged reincarnation; while some adherents affirm its occurrence claiming that the spiritual power of Syeikh Nyass continues even after his death through his chosen followers, enabling them to perceive his physical presence, while others vehemently reject such possibility, arguing that it is against the tenets of Islam. The study concludes that Subsequent studies may examine the existence of this spiritual reincarnation across Sūfi Orders such as Qadiriyya, Naqsybandiyya, and Chisytiyya to compare their theological perception and socio-cultural implications.
Co-Authors Babangida, Muhammad Gidado Muhammad, Habeeb