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All Journal JESCEE- Journal of Emerging Supply Chain, Clean Energy, and Process Engineering
Permata Sari, Alifiana
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Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Electrical & Electronics Engineering Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Mechanical Engineering

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Flavonoid Extraction From Papaya (Carica Papaya L.) Seed Using Ultrasound – Assisted Extraction Method and Determination of Its SPF Value Budi Nursanto, Eduardus; Wijaya, Rachel; Permata Sari, Alifiana
Journal of Emerging Supply Chain, Clean Energy, and Process Engineering Vol 2 No 1 (2023): Journal of Emerging Supply Chain, Clean Energy, and Process Engineering
Publisher : Universitas Pertamina

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.57102/jescee.v2i1.60

Abstract

Synthetic compounds with photoprotective property have their limited concentration in sunscreen formulation. Therefore, reaching the maximum UV protection by themselves is difficult. Natural compounds are good consideration to include in sunscreen formulations. Papaya seeds contain large amounts of nutraceutical compounds. However, their presence is often considered as waste. One of many benefits it has is due to the presence of flavonoids, phenols, alkaloids, saponins, and tannins. Flavonoid is one of the alternative compounds that provide beneficial effects on skin UV-protection. Therefore, this study aimed to extract the flavonoid compounds in papaya seeds and test its sun protection factor (SPF) value. Extraction was carried out by varying the mass ratio of the solid/solvent (1:10, 1:20, and 1:30), and the solvent concentration of ethanol (50%, 70%, and 96%) at 45oC for 45 minutes. The results of this study indicate the presence of these compounds in papaya seed extract which was extracted using the ultrasound-assisted extraction method with the maximum extraction yield (11.888%) obtained at 1:30 mass ratio with a 50% ethanol concentration; the highest total flavonoid content was 2.854 mg quercetin equivalent (QE)/g papaya seed at 1:30 ratio with 96% ethanol concentration, and the highest SPF value was at a 50% ethanol concentration which was 12.0775 (at 300 ppm).
Fermentation of Chicken Slaughterhouse Wastewater (CSWW) With White Sugar as A Carbon Source for Manufacturing of Liquid Fertilizer Budi Nursanto, Eduardus; Angga Handjaya, Akbar; Layli Amanah, Nur; Fairuzt Fathin Faundra, Muhammad; Permata Sari, Alifiana; Angli Curie, Catia
Journal of Emerging Supply Chain, Clean Energy, and Process Engineering Vol 4 No 2 (2025): Journal of Emerging Supply Chain, Clean Energy and Process Engineering
Publisher : Universitas Pertamina

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.57102/jescee.v4i2.118

Abstract

Along with the increase in the production of broilers, the amount of liquid waste produced will increase. Liquid waste resulting from chicken slaughterhouse activities will cause odor pollution and aquatic pollution. Chicken slaughterhouse wastewater (CSWW) is suitable for use as a raw material for Liquid Organic Fertilizer (LOF) production, based on nutrient analysis results of waste samples collected from a facility in South Jakarta. According to the results of the analysis, the Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) was measured at 214.52 mg/L, and the Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) was significantly higher at 2310 mg/L. Furthermore, the samples contained 37.39 mg/L of oil and fat, and an ammonia (NH3) concentration of 37.39 mg/L. The presence of high concentrations of organic substances, such as protein, oil, and fat, confirms the potential of CSWW as a valuable raw material to produce LOF. To facilitate this study, bioconversion, the fermentation method was employed. In this study, four formulations of (LOF) were prepared using varied concentrations of a carbon source (sucrose) and Effective Microorganisms 4 (EM4) solution bacterial inoculum. The efficacy of these formulations was subsequently evaluated via a bioassay on land kangkong (Ipomoea reptans Poir). The results revealed that the greatest positive effect on plant growth was achieved by the LOF variation, which incorporated 150 g of sucrose and 0.05 L of EM4 solution. Samples of plants that were given the addition of LOF showed the highest number of leaves, as many as 24 strands and the highest plant height value of 18 cm.
Co-Authors Angga Handjaya, Akbar Angli Curie, Catia Eduardus Budi Nursanto Fairuzt Fathin Faundra, Muhammad Layli Amanah, Nur Wijaya, Rachel