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Dynamics of Ethnic Conflict Among the Hamer, Nyangatom, and Dassanech in Ethiopia’s South Omo Zone: The Struggle Communities for Land Shetahun, Asmare
RAHMATAN LIL ALAMIN: Journal of Peace Education and Islamic Studies Vol. 8 No. 1 (2025): Juni 2025
Publisher : Universitas Islam Raden Rahmat Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33379/jrla.v8i1.6770

Abstract

This study investigates the nature and dynamics of land-related conflicts in the Hamer, Nyangatom, and Dassanech communities of South Omo, Ethiopia, with a specific emphasis on conflict management mechanisms and the growing impact of economic pressure and climate change. Employing a qualitative case study design, the research reveals that land disputes remain a persistent threat to community cohesion, socio-economic development, and intergroup relations. These conflicts are largely driven by competing claims over scarce natural resources—including grazing land, water points, and agricultural land—resources which have become increasingly limited due to prolonged droughts and climate variability. At the core of the disputes lies a tension between exclusive resource control and equitable resource sharing. The transboundary nature of some resource competitions further exacerbates the conflict. Rather than showing signs of resolution, these conflicts have evolved into cyclical and seasonal patterns of violence. The findings suggest that strengthening justice systems, institutional frameworks for conflict resolution, and community-based peacebuilding initiatives—particularly those integrating climate adaptation, early warning systems, and livelihood diversification—are critical to mitigating conflict and fostering long-term stability in the region.
Conflict Transformation in Dassanech, Hammer, and Nyangatom community of South Omo Ethiopia Shetahun, Asmare
ARRUS Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities Vol. 6 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : PT ARRUS Intelektual Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35877/soshum2680

Abstract

This study explores conflict transformation practices and actors through an analytical research approach. It reveals that various actors engaged in conflict and peace initiatives have primarily focused on activities cantered around conflict management, prevention, and resolution. This limited emphasis on conflict transformation is attributed to a lack of governmental attention to strategic planning in this regard. Sources of conflict identified include grievances, animal raiding, land disputes, fishing rights, and competition over water and pasture resources. Efforts aimed at conflict transformation encompass resilience-building, rangeland management, NGO interventions in peace dialogues, integration of pastoralism and agro-pastoralism with commercial agriculture, implementation of drought and conflict early warning systems, water resource management and development, range land rehabilitation, and provision of education to affected communities. While these activities have played a significant role in addressing conflicts and transforming relationships, they are deemed insufficient and inadequately executed for comprehensive conflict transformation. Nonetheless, they serve as vital drivers of peace. Although the current conflict transformation mechanisms in place have not resulted in significant changes in the conflict situation, the beginnings are promising and commendable. The government and other stakeholders are urged to engage in proactive conflict intervention mechanisms to effectuate conflict transformation and foster peace or mitigate its adverse impacts. Furthermore, the study advocates for the provision of informal peace education to all adult community members, with the possibility of formalizing this education as an existing conflict transformation option.