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All Journal Jurnal Sain Veteriner International Journal of Agriculture System
Muritala, Ismaila
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Veterinary

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The Use of Selenium and Oestrous Synchronisation Protocols to Improve Oestrous Response and Fertility of Merino Ewes. Hlatshwayo, Sibonelo Mmelokuhle; Muritala, Ismaila; Lehloenya, Khoboso Christina
Jurnal Sain Veteriner Vol 43, No 2 (2025): Agustus
Publisher : Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada bekerjasama dengan PB PDHI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jsv.104279

Abstract

Selenium (Se) deficiency is linked to poor reproductive performance in sheep, while indiscriminate use of pharmaceuticals in oestrous synchronisation imposes economic burden on sheep farmers. Optimisation of interventions that could improve reproduction in sheep at minimum cost required investigation. This study evaluated the effect of Se-supplementation and oestrous synchronisation protocols on reproductive performance of Merino ewes and immunity of their lambs. Sixty ewes were randomly grouped in a 2x2 factorial design: Se-supplementation plus equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) (n=15), Se-supplementation plus male effect (n=15), non-Se-supplementation plus eCG (n=15) and non-Se-supplementation plus male effect (n=15).  Ewes were hand mated with 8 Merino rams at 48 and 60 hours after CIDR removal. Data on oestrous response, distribution of oestrus, conception and lambing rates were analyzed using Chi-square test, while onset and duration of oestrus, gestation length, glutathione peroxidase, cortisol, oetradiol-17β, progesterone and Immunoglobulin G concentrations were analysed using PROC GLM with SAS®. Se-supplemented ewes had a higher (P<0.05) oestrous response at 36 hours after CIDR removal. Se-supplementation had no effect (P>0.05) on the onset, duration and distribution of oestrus, gestation length conception and lambing rate. Se-supplementation decreased (P<0.05) the cortisol concentration of ewes at CIDR removal and IgG concentration of lambs 12 hours after lambing. The eCG protocol increased (P<0.05) the number of ewes that displayed signs of oestrus at 24, 36 and 48 hours after CIDR removal compared to the male effect. Therefore, Se-supplementation combined with eCG administration improved oestrous response in Merino ewes and is more suitable for fixed-time artificial insemination.
Role of effective microorganisms on broiler performance and odor emission from litter in broiler chicken production Miadu, Sbahle Sivetmbhea; Muritala, Ismaila; Fon, Fabian Nde; Suninyuy, Terence N
International Journal of Agriculture System VOLUME 13 ISSUE 1, JUNE 2025
Publisher : Hasanuddin University

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Abstract

Poultry production is a reliable animal protein source used in different communities. Malodor emitted from poultry houses limits their production and significantly contributes to air pollution. Mitigations are thus required to make broiler chicken production more environmentally friendly and productive. This study investigated the role of effective microorganism (EM) on broiler performance and odor emission from litter in broiler chicken production. A total of 180-day-old chicks were divided into four treatments: T0 (without EM-supplementation), T1 (EM-supplemented in water), T2 (EM-supplemented in feed), and T3 (EM-supplemented in water+feed), with three replicates of 15 birds each. Data on broiler performance, including water intake (WI), feed intake (FI), average weight gain (ADG), feed conversion ratio, and carcass characteristics, were measured and analyzed using one-way ANOVA in SPSS (version 25). Malodor agents were characterized by using gas chromatography. Significant (p<0.05) increase in WI and FI was delayed among chickens with EM treatments until 4th- 6th and 5th – 6th weeks, where T0 had lower (p<0.05) FI and WI, respectively. T3 had the highest (p≤0.05) increased ADG at the 5th and 6th weeks. Heart, wing, thigh, girth, and live weight did not differ (p>0.05) among treatments, while T0 had higher (p<0.05) liver and gizzard weight compared to the estimates from other groups. T0 recorded higher (p<0.05) gases, emitted from grower to finisher, compared with starter. EM treatment decreased (p<0.05) the number of gases emitted, with T3 recorded as the lowest. Thus, EM applications may alter the emission of odor-causing compounds in the broiler chicken litter without compromising its performance.
Co-Authors Fon, Fabian Nde Hlatshwayo, Sibonelo Mmelokuhle Lehloenya, Khoboso Christina Miadu, Sbahle Sivetmbhea Suninyuy, Terence N