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All Journal Aliansi: Jurnal Hukum, Pendidikan dan Sosial Humaniora Jurnal Multidisiplin Indonesia Greenation International Journal of Law and Social Sciences Jurnal Greenation Pertanian dan Perkebunan
Rineke Sara
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Humanities Computer Science & IT Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences

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Physical Possession of Land as Evidence of Ownership: Even with Weak Data, It Can Serve as a Basis for Ownership Claims Hans Karyose; Rineke Sara
Jurnal Multidisiplin Indonesia Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025): Juni : Jurnal Multidisiplin Indonesia
Publisher : PT. ALHAFI BERKAH INDONESIA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62007/joumi.v3i2.477

Abstract

Life inevitably involves problems, and disputes over land cannot be denied. With the increasing growth of the human population worldwide, more people require land for their needs. Many individuals seek to strengthen their rights over land to prevent interference from others and to establish a clear claim that a particular piece of land has an owner. Article 1, Paragraph 4 of Government Regulation No. 18 of 2021 concerning Management Rights, Land Rights, and Land Registration explains that: “Land Rights are rights obtained from legal relationships between the rights holder and the land, including the space above and below the land, to control, possess, use, benefit from, and maintain the land, as well as the space above and below the land.” The concept of physical possession of land is often used as evidence to demonstrate claims of land ownership in civil court. Uninterrupted, valid, open, and continuous physical possession over a certain period can be considered strong evidence supporting claims of land ownership. Issues related to land ownership rights often raise questions about when someone legally becomes the owner of land from another party. To overcome this difficulty, the government provides certainty of land ownership rights through land registration in the Republic of Indonesia to obtain a certificate. This study uses normative juridical research methods. The results show: First, physical possession of land has evidentiary power for individuals or groups over the benefits of that land. In disputes related to physical possession, land conflicts may arise to recognize and protect the rights of legitimate landowners. It must be ensured that physical possession of land is carried out legally and in accordance with applicable laws. Second, the time limit for physical possession of land does not apply in all situations. There are types of land that cannot be acquired through physical possession. The time limit of physical possession does not automatically confer ownership rights.
Legal Loopholes in the Application for Termination of Investigation by Investigators Due to the Absence of Clear Standards in Determining Sufficient Evidence John Piter Tampubolon; Rineke Sara
Greenation International Journal of Law and Social Sciences Vol. 3 No. 4 (2025): (GIJLSS) Greenation International Journal of Law and Social Sciences (December
Publisher : Greenation Research & Yayasan Global Resarch National

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38035/gijlss.v3i4.655

Abstract

This study examines the legal gaps that arise in investigators' requests to terminate investigations based on Article 109 paragraph (2) of the Criminal Procedure Code, which authorizes the filing of an SP3 (Sufficient Evidence Order) due to "insufficient evidence" but does not outline the operational criteria. This lack of clarity in the standard leaves investigators open to subjective interpretation, potentially leading to misuse to terminate investigations without a clear basis, reducing legal certainty and harming victims. The study uses a normative juridical approach with a critical analysis of laws and regulations, legal literature, and investigative practices in Indonesia. The results show that the ambiguity of the term "sufficient evidence" creates a legal loophole that weakens investigator accountability and leads to injustice in the criminal justice system. As a direction for legal reform, it is recommended that there be clear technical guidelines for assessing sufficient evidence, a strict oversight mechanism by prosecutors, and public transparency regarding the basis for terminating investigations, so that the SP3 authority can be exercised objectively, accountably, and in accordance with the principle of legal certainty. This reform is expected to minimize the potential for misuse, increase the integrity of law enforcement, and strengthen the protection of victims' rights.
Optimizing the Village Supervisory Agency's Supervisory Mechanism Through a Participatory and Digital Approach in an Effort to Prevent Criminal Acts of Corruption in Village Development Budgets Eben Patar Opsunggu; Rineke Sara
Greenation International Journal of Law and Social Sciences Vol. 3 No. 4 (2025): (GIJLSS) Greenation International Journal of Law and Social Sciences (December
Publisher : Greenation Research & Yayasan Global Resarch National

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38035/gijlss.v3i4.663

Abstract

Village development budget management is often vulnerable to corruption, primarily due to weak internal oversight systems at the village level. One key oversight actor, the Village Consultative Body (BPD), frequently faces structural constraints, low capacity, and limited authority in optimally carrying out its functions. Yet, the BPD plays a strategic role in ensuring transparency and accountability in the use of village budgets sourced from central government transfers, as specified in Government Regulation No. 37 of 2023. This study analyzes the weaknesses of existing oversight mechanisms and proposes optimization strategies through participatory and digital approaches. With a participatory approach, village communities are encouraged to actively participate in deliberation processes, program evaluations, and budget oversight through community forums and the involvement of vulnerable groups. Furthermore, the use of digital systems such as SISKEUDES, SP4N-LAPOR, and social media-based innovations and QR codes in development projects provides open and real-time data access for the public. This study demonstrates that integrating institutional oversight, community engagement, and digital technology can strengthen village governance and reduce opportunities for budget corruption. Implementing this strategy requires regulatory support, ongoing technical training, and commitment from all stakeholders.
Heat Treatment of Edible Bird's Nest to Fulfill Export Requirements to Canada Umar Suryanaga; Rineke Sara
Jurnal Greenation Pertanian dan Perkebunan Vol. 3 No. 4 (2025): (JGPP) Jurnal Greenation Pertanian dan Perkebunan (November 2025)
Publisher : Greenation Publisher & Yayasan Global Research National

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38035/jgpp.v3i4.576

Abstract

The export requirements for swallow's nest (EBN) to Canada refer to the import procedure edible bird's nest (other than cooked canned commercially sterile) published by the Canadian Food and Inspection Agency (CFIA). One of the conditions is that the EBN is heated to a minimum temperature of 100 oC within a minimum of 1 hour. This study aims to test the heating treatment of EBN with a temperature of 100 °C for 1 hour according to the requirements of export to Canada and compare it with the requirements of the World Organization of Animal Health (WOAH). This researcher used clean EBN that had not been heated, coming from the island of Sumatra. The EBN sample was divided into four groups. The first group as a control, the second group heated 70 oC for 3.5 seconds, the third group heated 100 oC for 1 minute and the fourth group heated to 100 oC for 1 hour. The parameters tested in each group were sialic acid, physicochemical (water content, pH, water holding capacity (WHC), and water absorption index (WAI)). In addition, sensory attributes (color, taste, aroma, and texture) were also tested using panelists. The treatment of heating EBN at 100 °C for one hour causes protein denaturation that changes the functional properties of EBN. This treatment also reduces the developing power of EBN by up to 50% and has a significant influence on sensory and physicochemical properties, both color, taste, aroma, and texture. Heating EBN 100 °C for one hour reduces EBN quality, while EBN heating according to WOAH requirements i.e. heating 70 °C for 3.5 seconds does not affect EBN quality. Heating treatment of EBN 100 °C for one hour is not recommended.
Reconstruction of Harmonized Agrarian Regulations Within the Framework of the Basic Agrarian Law and the Job Creation Law in Resolving Land Conflicts in Indonesia Agusra Yendri; Rineke Sara
Aliansi: Jurnal Hukum, Pendidikan dan Sosial Humaniora Vol. 3 No. 3 (2026): Mei: Aliansi: Jurnal Hukum, Pendidikan dan Sosial Humaniora
Publisher : Asosiasi Peneliti dan Pengajar Ilmu Hukum Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62383/aliansi.v3i3.1702

Abstract

The study analyzes and reconstructs the harmonization of agrarian regulations to achieve social fairness and legal certainty in the settlement of land disputes in Indonesia within the parameters of the Basic Agrarian Law and the Job Creation Law. Through a methodical and teleological interpretation of Article 33 paragraph (3), this study uses a normative juridical method with a statutory and analytical approach. The research results show that there is normative disharmony in the regulation of the time period and extension of land rights, as well as the strengthening of land management institutions, which has the potential to shift the orientation of agrarian legal politics from the agrarian reform paradigm towards an investment-based land access liberalization approach. The lack of synchronization not only creates problems of legal certainty but also has implications for increasing agrarian conflicts and inequality in land ownership. Therefore, it is necessary to reconstruct the harmonization of agrarian regulations based on constitutional supremacy, strengthen the social function of land, and limit the concentration of land ownership as strategic instruments to realize a just and constitutional national land system.
Co-Authors Agusra Yendri Eben Patar Opsunggu Hans Karyose John Piter Tampubolon Umar Suryanaga