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All Journal Ovozoa: Journal of Animal Reproduction
Maksuda Taslima
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Veterinary

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Morphological assessment and characterization of uterine caruncles in Bengal goats Hossain, Hafsa; Islam, Md. Rashedul; Maksuda Taslima; Mozahidul Islam Tuser; Nurjahan Akter Juli; Al Wasef; Mahfuzul Islam; Jahagir Alam
Ovozoa: Journal of Animal Reproduction Vol. 14 No. 2 (2025): Ovozoa: Journal of Animal Reproduction
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/ovz.v14i2.2025.76-84

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate and characterize the gross, histologic and ultrasonographic features of uterine caruncles in Bengal goats, an indigenous breed in Bangladesh.  A total of 40 uteri were collected from sexually mature, pregnant and non-pregnant does obtained from local slaughter houses, preserved and processed in for gross morphological and histological characterization of uterine caruncles. Additionally, transabdominal ultrasonographic characterization of uterine caruncles were performed on randomly selected does at a commercial goat farm. Gross examination revealed multiple dome-shaped caruncles distributed along the endometrial surface, primarily arranged in four longitudinal rows. In both cyclic and non-cyclic goats, the average number of uterine caruncles was higher in the left uterine horn (55.85) compared to the right (54.42), with a consistent average of 4.30 rows observed in both horns. Histological examination of the caruncles revealed dense connective tissue, numerous blood vessels, and abundant uterine glands. The surface epithelium ranged from simple cuboidal to columnar. Morphometric analysis showed that the large caruncles were located in the mid-uterine horns.  Transabdominal ultrasonography identified pregnancy in 7 of 20 does (35%) and visualized uterine cotyledons between days 32 and 40 of gestation. Measurement of cotyledons via ultrasound may serve as a reliable indicator of gestational age. These findings provide baseline data that may support reproductive research, enhance breeding management, and contribute to the assessment of reproductive performance and productivity of goats in Bangladesh.
Comparative serum biochemical and inflammatory profiles between repeat breeder and normal cyclic Holstein Friesian crossbred cows in Bangladesh Hasan, Md. Mehedi; Islam, Md. Rashedul; Hafsa Hossain; Maksuda Taslima; Hamid, Sm. Ahasanul; Tuser, Mozahidul Islam; Juli, Nurjahan Akter; Al Wasef; Mahfuzul Islam; Jahan, Mst. Sharifa
Ovozoa: Journal of Animal Reproduction Vol. 15 No. 1 (2026): Ovozoa: Journal of Animal Reproduction
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/ovz.v15i1.2026.17-24

Abstract

Repeat breeding syndrome (RBS) has adverse effects on dairy profitability in Bangladesh. This study compared serum biochemical profiles between RBS-affected and normal cyclic Holstein Friesian crossbred cows to identify potential metabolic biomarkers. A total of thirty-two lactating cows (3-8 years old, body condition score 2.5-4.0/5) were categorized into repeat breeders (RB, n= 16; ≥3 failed artificial inseminations with normal estrus) and normal cyclic controls (NC, n= 16; matched for age, parity, and postpartum status). Serum samples were analyzed for minerals (Ca, P, Mg), proteins (total protein, albumin, blood urea nitrogen [BUN], C-reactive protein [CRP]), and metabolites (glucose, cholesterol, bilirubin) using commercial diagnostic kits (Span Diagnostics). Repeat breeder cows required significantly more services per conception (4.2 ± 2.1 vs. 0.6 ± 0.7; p <0.001) and exhibited hypoglycemia (74.5 ± 8.4 vs 94.0 ± 4.3 mg/dL; p= 0.002), lower bilirubin levels (<1 mg/dL; 0.0 ± 0.0 vs 0.09 ± 0.03 mg/dL; p= 0.002) indicating enhanced hepatic clearance, elevated BUN (23.8 ± 3.6 vs 20.9 ± 1.9 mg/dL; p <0.05), and increased CRP concentrations (2.0 ± 0.7 vs 1.7 ± 0.4 mg/dL; p= 0.042). These biochemical alterations indicate a negative energy balance and subclinical inflammation, which are likely important etiological factors contributing to RBS in tropical dairy cows. The findings suggest that metabolic correction strategies may improve fertility, although further validation is required.
Co-Authors Al Wasef Hafsa Hossain Hamid, Sm. Ahasanul Hossain, Hafsa Jahagir Alam Jahan, Mst. Sharifa Juli, Nurjahan Akter Mahfuzul Islam Md. Mehedi Hasan Md. Rashedul Islam Mozahidul Islam Tuser Nurjahan Akter Juli Tuser, Mozahidul Islam