Article Per Year (5 Year)
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All Journal TOFEDU: The Future of Education Journal
Merina, Heriska
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Education Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Mathematics Other

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The Impact of Labor Productivity, Producer Confidence, and Exchange Rates on Manufacturing Production Levels in ASEAN-5 Countries from 2015 to 2023 Merina, Heriska; Nikensari, Sri Indah; Nurjanah, Siti
The Future of Education Journal Vol 4 No 7 (2025)
Publisher : Lembaga Penerbitan dan Publikasi Ilmiah Yayasan Pendidikan Tumpuan Bangsa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61445/tofedu.v4i7.922

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the influence of labor productivity, producer confidence, and exchange rates on manufacturing production levels in the ASEAN-5 countries (Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, the Philippines, and Vietnam) during the period 2015–2023. The data used are sourced from the World Bank, the Bank for International Settlements (BIS), Trading Economics, and the statistical agencies of each country, and were analyzed using panel data regression with a Random Effect Model (REM) approach. The results indicate that labor productivity does not significantly affect manufacturing production, producer confidence significantly affects manufacturing production, and the exchange rate significantly affects manufacturing production. The COVID-19 pandemic was not found to significantly reduce production levels due to supply chain disruptions and economic activity restrictions, as production actually increased during the pandemic.
Co-Authors Siti Nurjanah Sri Indah Nikensari