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Akifah , Muthia Nur
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Immunology & microbiology Materials Science & Nanotechnology Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health

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Review Artikel: Evaluasi Efektivitas Perbandingan Preparasi Sampel Pada Instrumen Spektrofotometri Serapan Atom (SSA) Untuk Menganalisis Logam Timbal Putri, Indah Syah; Damara , Dandy Satria; Akifah , Muthia Nur; Utami , Marsah Rahmawati
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences JPS Volume 8 Nomor 3 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Tjut Nyak Dhien

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36490/journal-jps.com.v8i3.672

Abstract

Lead (Pb) is a hazardous substance that has the potential to damage human health and the environment. This article evaluates the effectiveness of two sample preparation methods, namely wet digestion and dry digestion, in analyzing lead using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS) through a literature review, obtaining data using Google Scholar's “Publish or Perish” feature with the keywords lead, AAS, sample preparation, and method validation. Inclusion criteria are journals published within the last 10 years, while exclusion criteria are  journals that use methods other than AAS, focusing on other metals, or do not involving sample preparation methods involving destruction. The wet destruction method involves dissolving the sample in acid, while the dry destruction method uses high-temperature heating to form dry ash. The dry destruction method demonstrates better analytical performance than wet destruction, based on the parameters of recovery (98.5–104.2%), accuracy (absolute deviation <2%), and precision (%RSD <5%). These results indicate that dry destruction provides more accurate, precise, and consistent analysis, as well as more reliable quantification of elements such as heavy metals, compared to wet destruction, which tends to produce variations between replicates. Therefore, the dry destruction method is recommended for lead analysis using SSA because it is more effective and efficient.
Tinjauan Literatur: Analisis Sintesis dan Efektivitas Senyawa Kalkon serta Turunannya sebagai Agen Antibakteri Damara , Dandy Satria; Akifah , Muthia Nur; Putri , Indah Syah; Utami , Marsah Rahmawati
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences JPS Volume 8 Nomor 3 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Tjut Nyak Dhien

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36490/journal-jps.com.v8i3.681

Abstract

Chalcones are flavonoid compounds that have attracted attention in the development of antibacterial agents. This literature review aims to examine the synthesis and effectiveness of chalcone compounds and their derivatives as antibacterials. Through descriptive analysis, chalcone synthesis was carried out using several methods, one of which was the condensation between benzaldehyde and acetophenone, followed by structural modification to produce various chalcone derivatives. The antibacterial activity of chalcone compounds and their derivatives was tested against bacteria such as S. aureus, E. coli, B. substillis, and other types of bacteria. The results of the review of several literatures obtained online through Google, Google Scholar, and Publish or Perish were carried out using the keywords "Synthesis", "Chalcone", and "Antibacterial" with publications from the last 10 years (2014-2024) with a total of 8 references used. The study showed that changes in the structure of chalcones, such as the addition of hydroxyl and methoxy groups, can affect antibacterial activity. Some chalcone derivatives also showed promising antibacterial activity, although their effectiveness varied depending on the type of bacteria tested.
Co-Authors Damara , Dandy Satria Putri , Indah Syah Putri, Indah Syah Utami , Marsah Rahmawati